Database release:

SDF

NATURA 2000 - STANDARD DATA FORM

For Special Protection Areas (SPA),
Proposed Sites for Community Importance (pSCI),
Sites of Community Importance (SCI) and
for Special Areas of Conservation (SAC)

SITE	CY3000005
SITENAME	KAVO GKREKO

1. SITE IDENTIFICATION
2. SITE LOCATION
3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
4. SITE DESCRIPTION
5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS
6. SITE MANAGEMENT
7. MAP OF THE SITE

1. SITE IDENTIFICATION

1.1 Type

1.2 Site code

CY3000005

1.3 Site name

KAVO GKREKO

1.4 First Compilation date

1999-09

1.5 Update date

2020-12

1.6 Respondent:

Name/Organisation:	Costas HadjipanayiotouDirectorDepartment of Environment
Address:
Email:	director@environment.moa.gov.cy

1.7 Site indication and designation / classification dates

Date site proposed as SCI:	2004-05
Date site confirmed as SCI:	2008-03
Date site designated as SAC:	No information provided
National legal reference of SAC designation:	No information provided

Explanation(s):

“KAVO GKREKO” with code “CY3000005” is now only designated as SCI and the SPA is designated under the name “SPA KAVO GKREKO” and code “CY3000003”.

2. SITE LOCATION

2.1 Site-centre location [decimal degrees]:

Longitude:	34.064300
Latitude:	34.969700

2.2 Area [ha]

1875.4400

2.3 Marine area [%]

51.2500

2.4 Sitelength [km] (optional):

63.35

2.5 Administrative region code and name

NUTS level 2 code	Region Name
CY00	Kypros / Kıbrıs

2.6 Biogeographical Region(s)

Mediterranean

(48.75 %)

Marine Mediterranean

(51.25 %)

3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

3.1 Habitat types present on the site and assessment for them

Annex I Habitat types						Site assessment
Code	PF	NP	Cover [ha]	Cave [number]	Data quality	A\|B\|C\|D	A\|B\|C
						Representativity	Relative Surface	Conservation	Global
1110			37.517	0.00	G	A	C	A	A
1120	X		243.862	0.00	G	A	C	A	A
1170			56.276	0.00	G	A	B	A	A
1210			9.379	0.00	M	C	C	C	C
1240			27.953	0.00	G	B	C	B	B
1430			0.995	0.00	G	B	B	B	B
3170	X		0.011	0.00	G	A	C	A	A
5210			437.427	0.00	G	A	A	B	A
5220	X		0.777	0.00	G	B	C	B	B
5420			95.399	0.00	G	B	C	B	B
6220	X		8.266	0.00	G	B	C	B	B
8210			4.419	0.00	G	B	B	B	B
8330			0.359	0.00	G	B	A	A	B
9320			4.795	0.00	G	B	C	B	B

PF: for the habitat types that can have a non-priority as well as a priority form (6210, 7130, 9430) enter "X" in the column PF to indicate the priority form.
NP: in case that a habitat type no longer exists in the site enter: x (optional)
Cover: decimal values can be entered
Caves: for habitat types 8310, 8330 (caves) enter the number of caves if estimated surface is not available.
Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation)

3.2 Species referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2009/147/EC and listed in Annex II of Directive 92/43/EEC and site evaluation for them

Species					Population in the site						Site assessment
G	Code	Scientific Name	S	NP	T	Size		Unit	Cat.	D.qual.	A\|B\|C\|D	A\|B\|C
						Min	Max				Pop.	Con.	Iso.	Glo.
B	A247	Alauda arvensis			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A229	Alcedo atthis			w	20	50	i	R		C	A	C	A
B	A255	Anthus campestris			w				R		C	A	C	A
B	A258	Anthus cervinus			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A257	Anthus pratensis			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A256	Anthus trivialis			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A226	Apus apus			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A228	Apus melba			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A029	Ardea purpurea			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A024	Ardeola ralloides			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A133	Burhinus oedicnemus			p				P	P
B	A431	Calandrella rufescens			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A365	Carduelis spinus			r				C		C	A	C	A
B	A268	Cercotrichas galactotes			c				V		C	A	C	A
B	A138	Charadrius alexandrinus			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A081	Circus aeruginosus			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A082	Circus cyaneus			w				R		C	A	C	A
B	A083	Circus macrourus			c	20	60	i	C	G	C	A	C	A
B	A211	Clamator glandarius			r				V		C	A	C	A
B	A211	Clamator glandarius			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A231	Coracias garrulus			c				P	P
B	A113	Coturnix coturnix			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A212	Cuculus canorus			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A253	Delichon urbica			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A253	Delichon urbica			r				C		C	A	C	A
B	A026	Egretta garzetta			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A447	Emberiza caesia			r				C		C	A	C	A
B	A376	Emberiza citrinella			c				V		C	A	C	A
B	A379	Emberiza hortulana			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A382	Emberiza melanocephala			r				C		C	A	C	A
B	A103	Falco peregrinus			c				P
B	A097	Falco vespertinus			c	100	500	i	C	G
B		Francolinus francolinus				0	0		P
B	A189	Gelochelidon nilotica			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A252	Hirundo daurica			r				R		C	A	C	A
B	A252	Hirundo daurica			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A251	Hirundo rustica			r				C		C	A	C	A
B	A251	Hirundo rustica			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A338	Lanius collurio			c	500	1000	i	R		C	A	C	A
B	A339	Lanius minor			c	200	500	i	R		C	A	C	A
B	A341	Lanius senator			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A181	Larus audouinii			c				V		C	A	C	A
B	A183	Larus fuscus			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A180	Larus genei			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A177	Larus minutus			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A179	Larus ridibundus			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A271	Luscinia megarhynchos			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A230	Merops apiaster			c	2000	8000	i	C	G	C	A	C	A
B	A073	Milvus migrans			c				V		C	A	C	A
M	1366	Monachus monachus			p	2	4	i	C	G	A	A	C	B
B	A280	Monticola saxatilis			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A281	Monticola solitarius			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A319	Muscicapa striata									C	A	C	A
M	1307	Myotis blythii			c		3	i	C	M	D	B	C	B
B	A467	Oenanthe cypriaca			r	100	200	p	C	G	C	A	C	B
B	A278	Oenanthe hispanica			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A435	Oenanthe isabellina			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A277	Oenanthe oenanthe			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A094	Pandion haliaetus			c				V		C	A	C	A
B	A355	Passer hispaniolensis									C	A	C	A
B	A273	Phoenicurus ochruros			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A274	Phoenicurus phoenicurus			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A313	Phylloscopus bonelli			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A314	Phylloscopus sibilatrix			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A249	Riparia riparia			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A275	Saxicola rubetra			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A276	Saxicola torquata			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A351	Sturnus vulgaris			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A311	Sylvia atricapilla			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A310	Sylvia borin			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A309	Sylvia communis			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A308	Sylvia curruca			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A306	Sylvia hortensis			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A305	Sylvia melanocephala			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A468	Sylvia melanothorax			p	300	600	p	P	G	C	A	C	B
B	A307	Sylvia nisoria			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A440	Sylvia rueppelli			c				R		C	A	C	A
B	A286	Turdus iliacus			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A283	Turdus merula			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A285	Turdus philomelos			w				C		C	A	C	A
B	A284	Turdus pilaris			w				R		C	A	C	A
B	A287	Turdus viscivorus			w				R		C	A	C	A
M	1349	Tursiops truncatus			c	10	25	i	P	M	A	A	C	A
B	A213	Tyto alba			p				P		C	A	C	A
B	A232	Upupa epops			c				C		C	A	C	A
B	A232	Upupa epops			r				R		C	A	C	A
B	A142	Vanellus vanellus			c				C		C	A	C	A

Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, I = Invertebrates, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
Type: p = permanent, r = reproducing, c = concentration, w = wintering (for plant and non-migratory species use permanent)
Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the Standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting (see reference portal)
Abundance categories (Cat.): C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present - to fill if data are deficient (DD) or in addition to population size information
Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation); VP = 'Very poor' (use this category only, if not even a rough estimation of the population size can be made, in this case the fields for population size can remain empty, but the field "Abundance categories" has to be filled in)

3.3 Other important species of flora and fauna (optional)

Species					Population in the site				Motivation
Group	CODE	Scientific Name	S	NP	Size		Unit	Cat.	Species Annex		Other categories
					Min	Max		C\|R\|V\|P	IV	V	A	B	C	D
B	A411	Alectoris chukar						P					X
P		Anacamptis pyramidalis						P					X
B	A218	Athene noctua						C					X
B	A218	Athene noctua						P					X
A	1201	Bufo viridis						P					X
B	A366	Carduelis cannabina						P					X
B	A364	Carduelis carduelis						P					X
B	A363	Carduelis chloris						P					X
I	1008	Centrostephanus longispinus						P					X
B	A288	Cettia cetti						P					X
I		Charaxes jasius						P						X
I	2569	Charonia tritonis						P					X
B	A289	Cisticola juncidis						P					X
R	1280	Coluber jugularis						P					X
R	1285	Coluber nummifer						P					X
B	A206	Columba livia						P					X
B	A208	Columba palumbus						P						X
P		Cyclamen persicum						P					X
P	2278	Cymodocea nodosa						P					X
R	1228	Cyrtopodion kotschyi						P					X
I	2571	Erosaria spurca						P					X
R	2439	Eumeces schneideri						P					X
B	A096	Falco tinnunculus						P					X
B	A244	Galerida cristata						P					X
R		Hemidactylus turcicus						P					X
F	2539	Hippocampus ramulosus						P					X
A	2362	Hyla savignyi						P					X
I	1027	Lithophaga lithophaga						P					X
R	2441	Mabuya vittata						P					X
R	2466	Malpolon monspessulanus						C					X
M	1322	Myotis nattereri						P	X				X
M	1312	Nyctalus noctula						P	X				X
I	2588	Ophidiaster ophidianus						P					X
P		Orchis sancta						P					X
B	A330	Parus major						P					X
I	1028	Pinna nobilis						P					X
M	2016	Pipistrellus kuhlii						P	X				X
M	1329	Plecotus austriacus						P	X				X
P	2276	Posidonia oceanica						P					X
B	A250	Ptyonoprogne rupestris						P					X
A	1212	Rana ridibunda						P					X
B	A361	Serinus serinus						P					X
M	2034	Stenella coeruleoalba						P					X
B	A303	Sylvia conspicillata						C					X
R	2444	Typhlops vermicularis						P					X
R	2010	Vipera lebetina						P					X

Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, Fu = Fungi, I = Invertebrates, L = Lichens, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
CODE: for Birds, Annex IV and V species the code as provided in the reference portal should be used in addition to the scientific name
S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting, (see reference portal)
Cat.: Abundance categories: C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present
Motivation categories: IV, V: Annex Species (Habitats Directive), A: National Red List data; B: Endemics; C: International Conventions; D: other reasons

4. SITE DESCRIPTION

4.1 General site character

Habitat class	% Cover
N01	51.29
N03	0.05
N04	0.03
N05	1.49
N08	29.64
N09	1.86
N15	3.05
N18	0.26
N20	9.11
N21	0.31
N22	1.27
N23	1.64
Total Habitat Cover	100

Other Site Characteristics

The National Forest park of Cape Greko is located at the south-eastern end of the island between Ayia Napa and Paralimni.Climate: The climate of the area is semi-arid with mean maximum temperature during the summer months around 26.8 °C and mean minimum during the winter months around 12.2 °C. The mean annual rainfall is around 350 mm and most of the raining occurs from October to April.Geology and Soil:The geology of the area is Biostrome and bioherm reef limstones.The soil is generally shallow limestone and a great portion of the area especially near the sea is bare rocky with little soil which make it sterile.Flora and vegetation:The dominant vegetation of the site is Phoenicean Juniper maquis (Habitat type 5212), covering about one third of the area. A large part is planted with exotic species (Acacia saligna and Eucalyptus spp.).There is also typical vegetation of the Mediterranean sea cliffs (habitat type 1240) with communities of Crithmum maritimum, Frankenia hirsuta, Limonium spp., Ephedra fragilis ssp. campylopoda and also with annual Saginetea communities with Silene sedoides, Sagina apetala. On the cliffs there are also other species like Narcissus tazetta, Hyoscyamus albus, Phagnalon rupestre, Umbilicus horizontalis, Andrachne telephioides, Aristolochia parvifolia, Enarthrocarpus arcuatus etc.Phrygana vegetation (Habitat type 5420) dominates at many places within the site. Sarcopoterium spinosum is abundant forming extensive colonies. There is also considerable occurrence of Lycium sweinfurthii in low coastal form, not exceeding 1 m high. Among the common species in this formation are Ephedra fragilis ssp. campylopoda, Phagnalon rupestre, Noaea mucronata, Echium angustifolium and many geophytes (Narcissus tazetta, Cyclamen persicum, Romulea tempskyana, Bellevalia spp. etc). At three sites there are small patches of Zizyphus lotus (5220) along with Phagnalon rupestre, Noaea mucronata, Allium willeanum, Allium ampeloprassum.Vernal pools (Habitat type 3170) are confined to small depressions on hard limestone ("kafkalla"). At the deeper places Ranunculus peltatus ssp. microcarpus, Zannichellia palustris and Lythrum tribracteatum dominate from December to February (or early March) when the pools are flooded. When the pools start to dry up Telmissa microcarpa, Bellis annua ssp. minuta, Sedum porhyreum, Crassula vaillanti and Juncus bufonius come up.The coastline over the site is indented with rocky cliffs whereas partly submerged caves (8330) are formed at places and reefs which are prolongated underwater (1170). At one bay a sandy beach called Konnos is formed and another small sandy beach is formed at the edge of Kavo Gkreko. At both beaches there is sparse drift line vegetation (1210) with Cakile maritima, Salsola kali, Matthiola tricuspidata, Euphorbia peplis and few ammophilous species such as Eryngium maritimum, Echium arenarium occur without forming typical communities. The marine phytal communities consist of reefs which are characterised by Cystoseira barbata forests and at the soft seabed the seagrasses Cymodocea nodosa (1110) occur sparsely at shallower depths, while Posidonia oceanica (1120) dominates at the deeper depths (from 20-41 m depth).

4.2 Quality and importance

The elements composing the ecological quality and importance of the site are the following:1. It is considered as a very important biotope for the migratory birds because Cyprus is located at the crossroad of the three continents Europe, Asia and Africa and the site constitutes the easternmost edge of the island which serves as the first station for migratory birds. Twenty Annex I 79/409/EEC birds species and the endemics Sylvia melanothorax and Oenanthe cypriaca have been recorded in the site. Also, 52 migratory birds and 15 other important birds use the site.Also, many irregular birds for Cyprus (and Europe sometimes) are recorded here like the Bateleur eagle (first record for Europe), like short-toed snake eagle, booted eagle, corn crakes etc. Millions of passerines and other migratory species use the site.In addition, the site has been designated as important bird migrating corridor by the Game Fund Service (Ministry of Interior).2. About 400 plant taxa have been recorded from the site up to now, 15 of which are endemic.3. Seventy-one important terrestrial fauna species live in the site, among them several reptiles, bats and endemic insects.3. The variety of habitat types, both in the terrestrial and marine part of the site, and their good conservation status. 4. The marine ecosystem of the site retains an ecological value and significance since it contains the following features: a) the habitats of the vascular plant, Posidonia oceanica as well as the reefs which are dominated by the brown alga Cystoseira barbata are well conserved, supporting high biodiversity and b) the important invertebrate species (Charonia tritonis, Pinna nobilis etc.) which are included in the annexes of international conventions such as the Bern Convention and the SPA Protocol of the Barcelona Convention. Also the dolphin species Tursiops truncatus (also an Annex II 92/43/EEC species) and Stenella coeruleoalba which are covered by international conventions occur sparsely in the area. Other Important Species with Motivation D (section 3.3, 3.4):Állium willeanum is included in the list of rare and threatened species of IUCN-WCMC (1999) and characterised as "Indeterminate". Enarthrocarpus arcuatus is a rare species occurring on sea cliffs, mainly in the south-east coasts of the island.Columba palumbus is a game species whose populations are apparently decreasing and its hunting is under periodic ban (during breeding season).Libelloides macaronius is an important (Koomen & van Helsdinger, 1996) threatened taxon listed on the European Red List of Globally Threatened Animals and Plants and on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals (1988). Pendoton bidens sulcifrons, Acmaeodera guillebeaui, Stenosis sulcata, Blaps splichali, Helladia millefolii alziari are subendemic taxa (endemic to Cyprus and neighbouring countries). Catopsilia florella is a rare taxon (recently discovered in Cyprus). Thersamonia thersamon, Freyeria trochylus are threatened taxa according to Heath (1981). Sphodromantis viridis, Blepharopsis mendica, Pelopidas thrax, Broscus nobilis, Julodis ehrenbergi, Acmaeodera quadrizonata, Tentyria cylindrica, Trachyderma philistina, Pimelia bajula, Dendarus orientalis, Dendarus piceus, Erodius fabricii, Cardiophorus sacratus are taxa at the margins of their area of distribution. Zizeeria karsandra is a threatened taxon according to Heath (1981) and in Cyprus it is at the margins of is area of distributionNotes: The snake Macrovipera lebetina lebetina is included in section 3.3 as Vipera lebetina.

4.3 Threats, pressures and activities with impacts on the site

The most important impacts and activities with high effect on the site

Negative Impacts
Rank	Threats and pressures [code]	Pollution (optional) [code]	inside/outside [i\|o\|b]
M	A01		i
L	A08		i
L	B		i
M	B01		i
L	C01.04		i
M	C01.04.01		i
L	D01.01		i
H	D01.02		b
L	D02.01		i
M	E01.01		i
M	F02.03		i
L	F03.01		i
M	F03.02		i
L	F03.02.01		i
M	F03.02.02		i
H	F03.02.03		i
L	F04		i
M	G01.02		i
M	G01.03		i
L	G01.04		i
M	G02		i
H	G02.01		i
L	G02.06		i
L	G04.01		i
H	G05		i
L	G05.01		i
L	H06.01		i
H	I01		b

Positive Impacts
Rank	Activities, management [code]	Pollution (optional) [code]	inside/outside [i\|o\|b]
M	A01		i
L	A08		i
L	B		i
M	B01		i
L	D01.01		i
M	E01.01		i
M	G01.02		i
L	G02		i
L	G02.01		i
L	G02.06		i

Rank: H = high, M = medium, L = low
Pollution: N = Nitrogen input, P = Phosphor/Phosphate input, A = Acid input/acidification,
T = toxic inorganic chemicals, O = toxic organic chemicals, X = Mixed pollutions
i = inside, o = outside, b = both

4.4 Ownership (optional)

No information provided

4.5 Documentation (optional)

Alziar G. 1999. Compte rendu du 4eme Iter Mediterraneum. Bocconea 11: 5-83. [3.4]Anonymous. 2001. Http:bornova.ege.edutr/-bgocmen/herptiles.cyprus [Herpetofauna: 3.3, 3.4]Antoniou A. & Konstantinidis R. 1996. Oi savres tis Kyprou (The lizards of Cyprus). Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Environment Service. p. 8. [3.2.d, 3.3]Argyrou M. 1999. Unpublished data on marine habitats and species.Bank R.A. & Hovestadt A. 1991. Notes on the Enidae, 3: Revision of the Enidae of Cyprus (Gastropoda: Pupiloidea) (plate1-4). Schr. Malacozool. 4: 1-25. [3.4]Bannerman D.A. & Bannerman W.M. 1958. Birds of Cyprus. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh. pp. I-lxix + 1-384. [3.2.a, 3.2.b. 3.3, 4.2]Bergmans W. 1994. Taxonomy & Biogeography of African Fruit Bats (Mammalia, Megachiroptera). The Genus Rousettus Gray, 1821. Beaufortia 44: 79-126. [3.2.e]Blosat B., Hadjisterkotis E. & Papamichael K. 1996. Endemic snakes of Cyprus. Game Fund, Ministry of Interior. p. 6. [3.2.d]Boehme W. & Wiedl H. 1994. Status and zoogeography of the herpetofauna of Cyprus with taxonomic and natural history notes on selected species (Genera: Rana, Coluber, Natrix, Vipera). Amphibia & Reptilia. Zool. Middle East 10: 31-52. [3.3, 3.4]Brullo S. 1991. Valantia eburnea (Rubiaceae), a new species from Cyprus. Willdenowia 20: 73-76. [3.4]Charalampides M. 1989. Cyprus. In: Important Bird Areas in Europe. Priority sites for conservation. Vol. 2: Southern Europe. Heath M.F., Evans M.I., Goccom D.G., Payne A.J. & Peet N.B. (eds). Bird Life Conservation Series No. 8. [4.2]Christodoulou S.Ch. 2000. Unpublished data on the insects. Lefkosia. [3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Christodoulou S.Ch. 2001. Unpublished data on Valantia eburnea. [3.4]CORINE Biotopes Manual. 1991. p. 299. [3, 4.1, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Kypriakos Ornithologikos Syndesmos). 1995. Annual Report. [3.2.a, 3.2.b, 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Kypriakos Ornithologikos Syndesmos). 1996. Annual Report. [3.2.a, 3.2.b, 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Kypriakos Ornithologikos Syndesmos). 1997. Annual Report. [3.2.a, 3.2.b, 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Kypriakos Ornithologikos Syndesmos). 1997. Birds of Cyprus Checklist 1997. Table of monthly sightings & yearly occurrences 1991-1996. [3.2a,b 3.3, 3.4]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Kypriakos Ornithologikos Syndesmos). 1998. Annual Report. [3.2.a, 3.2.b, 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Kypriakos Ornithologikos Syndesmos). 1999. Annual Report. [3.2.a, 3.2.b, 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Ptinologikos Syndesmos Kyprou). 1971. First Bird Report 1970. Nicosia, Cyprus. p. 111. [3.2.a, 3.2.b. 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Ptinologikos Syndesmos Kyprou). 1972. Second Bird Report 1971. Nicosia, Cyprus. pp. i-xvi + 1-147. [3.2.a, 3.2.b. 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Ptinologikos Syndesmos Kyprou). 1973. Third Bird Report 1972. Nicosia, Cyprus. pp. i-xviii + 1-84. [3.2.a, 3.2.b. 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Ptinologikos Syndesmos Kyprou). 1974. Fourth Bird Report 1973. Nicosia, Cyprus. pp. i-xviii + 1-86. [3.2.a, 3.2.b. 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Ptinologikos Syndesmos Kyprou). 1976. Fifth Bird Report 1974. Nicosia, Cyprus. pp. i-xv + 1-66. [3.2.a, 3.2.b. 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Ptinologikos Syndesmos Kyprou). 1989. Annual Report. [3.2.a, 3.2.b, 3.3, 4.2]Cyprus Ornithological Society (Ptinologikos Syndesmos Kyprou). 1990. Annual Report. [3.2.a, 3.2.b, 3.3, 4.2]Demetropoulos A. & Hadjichristophorou M. 1976. Echinodermata of Cyprus. Fisheries Bulletin, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Fisheries Department 4: 75-83.Demetropoulos A. 1969. Marine molluscs of Cyprus (Part A). Fisheries Bulletin, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Fisheries Department 2: 1-15.Demetropoulos A. 1971. Marine molluscs of Cyprus (Part B). Fisheries Bulletin, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Fisheries Department 3: 1-24.Department of Agriculture. Insects Collection. Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lefkosia. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Economic Commision for Europe. 1991. European red list of globally threatened animals and plants. United Nations, New York. p. 150.Eddie J. 2000. Butterflies of Cyprus 1998 (Records of a year's sightings). The Amateur Entomologists' Society Pamphlet No.15. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Flint P.F. & Stewart P.F. 1992. The Birds of Cyprus - an annotated check-list. B.O.U. Check-list No 6 (2nd Edition). British Ornithologists Union. p. 234. [3.2.a, 3.2.b, 3.3, 4.2]Flint P.F. & Stewart P.F. 1992. The Birds of Cyprus - an annotated check-list. B.O.U. Check-list No 6 (2nd Edition). British Ornithologists Union. p. 234. [3.2.a, 3.2.b. 3.3, 4.2]Game Fund Service, unpublished data on ornithology and counts in Cyprus. 1999 2008.Geological Survey Department. 1995. Geological Map of Cyprus. Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Lefkosia. [4.1]Gittenberger E. & Neuteboom W.H. 1989. The cyprian Albinaria species, keywise descriptions, illustrations and an annotated check-list (Gastropoda Pulmonata: Clausiliidae). Basteria 56: 193-196. [3.4]Gittenberger E. 1991. On Cyprian Helicellinae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Helicidae), making a new start. Zool. Meded. 65(7): 99-128. [3.4]Gramp S. 1994. Handbook of the Birds of Europe the Middle East and North Africa. Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vols I-VIII. Oxford University Press Inc., New York. Grimm R. 1991. Tenebrioniden von der Insel Zypern (Insecta: Coleoptera). Biocosme mesogeen 8: 15-49. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Hadjikyriakou G. 1997. I chlorida tis Kyprou mesa apo katalogous kai pinakes (The Flora of Cyprus through catalogues and tables). Limassol, Cyprus. p. 232. [3.2g, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2]Hausmann A. 1995. Neue Geometriden-Funde aus Gesamtubersicht uber die Fauna (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Mitt. Munch. Ent. Ges. 85: 79-111. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Heath J. 1981. Threatened Rhopalocera (butterflies) of Europe. Council of Europe, Nature and Environment, no 23. p. 157.Holmboe J. 1914. Studies on the vegetation of Cyprus. Bergen. p. 344. [3.2g, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2]Iezekiel S. 2001. Unpublished data on the ornithology of Cyprus. [3.2a,b 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]IUCN -WCMC. 1988. IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN. p. 154.Kassinis N., Xenophontos M., Chadjistillis Ch. 2008. Conservation Management in Natura 2000 Sites of Cyprus, LIFE 04 NAT/CY/000013. Parakolouthisi eidon ptinopanidas tou Parartimatos I tis Odigias 79/409/EEC se 5 perioches tou diktiou Natura 2000 tis Kiprou: Kavo Gkreko, Alykes Larnakas, Koilada Diarizou, Ethniko Dasiko Parko Troodous kai Vouni Panayias. 84 pp. (Monitoring of Annex I bird species of the Birds Directive in 5 Natura areas in Cyprus: Kavo Gkreko, Alykes Larnakas, Koilada Diarizou, Ethniko Dasiko Parko Troodous and Vouni Panayias). Konstantinou G., Panagidis I., Xenofontos K., Afrodisis S., Michailidis P. & Kramvis S. 1997. I Geologia tis Kyprou (The Geology of Cyprus). Bulletin no. 10. Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Geological Survey Department. pp. i-vi + 1-142. [4.1]Koomen P. & van Helsdinger P.J. 1996. Listing of biotopes in Europe according to their significance for invertebrates. Council of Europe, Nature and Environment, no 77. p. 74.Kourtellarides L. 1998. Breeding Birds of Cyprus with check-list of the birds of Cyprus. Bank of Cyprus Group and Cyprus Ornithological Society. Nicosia, Cyprus. p. 299. [3.2.a, 3.2.b. 3.3, 4.2]Makris Ch. 2001. Unpublished data on insects. Lemessos. [3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Manil L. 1990. Les Rhopaloceres de Chypre. Linnaea Belgica Pars XII, No 8: 313-391. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Mavromoustakis G. Insects Collection, Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Department of Agriculture, Lefkosia. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Meikle R.D. 1977, 1985. Flora of Cyprus. Vols 1 & 2. The Bentham-Moxon Trust, Royal Botanic Gardens, Êew. p. 1969. [3.2g, 3.3, 4.2]Meteorological Service. 1973. Statistics of Temperatures and Relative Humidity. Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources. [4.1]Meteorological Service. 1985. Statistics of Precipitation 1951 1980. Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources. [4.1]Neophytou P. Insects collection. Municipal Museum of Natural History Larnaka. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Pantelas V. & Hadjikyriacou X. 1987. Prokatarktiko schedio prostasias kai anaptyxis tou Akrotiriou Gkreko (Preliminary plan for the protection and development of Greco cape).Pantelas V., Papachristophorou T. & Christodoulou P. 1993. Cyprus Flora in Colour, the Endemics. p. 104. ISBN 9963 7931 0 X. [3.2g, 3.3, 4.2]Parker R. 1983. The Butterflies of Cyprus. Entomologist's Gazette 34: 17-53. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Program LIFE09/NAT/CY/00427 – ICOSTACY - “Improving the conservation status of fauna species in Cyprus: from microhabitat restoration to landscape connectivity” 2010-10 – 2014-03Raehle W. 1991. Zur kenntnis der Nacktschneckenfauna der Insel Zypern (Gastropoda, Pulmonat: Milacidae, Limacidae, Agriolimacidae). Mal. Abh. 15(16): 141-148. [3.4]Richarz K. & Limbrunner A. 1993. The World of Bats. The flying goblins of the night. TFH Publications Inc. p. 192. [3.2.e]Shakides Th. Insects collection, Agricultural University of Athens. [Insects: 3.3, 3.4, 4.2]Tameio Thiras. 2006 Xartis perasmaton dieleusis apodimitikon ptinon apo tin Kipro. Ipourgeio Esoterikon. (Map of bird migrating corridors in Cyprus. Game Fund, Ministry of the Interior).Tsintides T. & Kourtellarides L. 1998. The Endemic Plants of Cyprus. Bank of Cyprus & Cyprus Association of Professional Foresters. Nicosia. p. 123. ISBN 9963-42-067-2. [3.2g, 3.3, 4.2]Tucker G. & Heath M. 1994. Birds in Europe. Their Conservation Status. BirdLife Conservation Series No. 3. BirdLife International. p. 600. [3.2a,b 3.3, 3,4, 4.2]Zotos S. 2006. Simantikes Perioches gia ta poulia tis Kiprou. Ptinologikos Sindesmos Kiprou. 132 pp. (Important Bird Areas in Cyprus. Birdlife Cyprus publication). Petrou A., Patsalidou Μ., Chrysanthou K., 2013. Services for mapping the meadow of marine phanerogam Posidonia Oceanica in coastal waters of Cyprus, within the operational programme for fisheries 2007-2013”. Final report, April 2013, 1- 54pp. M. Marcou (2015). The Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus in Cyprus.

Link(s):http://www.moa.gov.cy/moa/environment/environmentnew.nsf/index_gr/index_gr?opendocument

5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS

5.1 Designation types at national and regional level (optional):

Code	Cover [%]
CY03	21.00
CY05	21.00
CY02	53.00
CY99	50.00

5.2 Relation of the described site with other sites (optional):

Designated at national or regional level:

Type code	Site name	Type	Cover [%]
	IBA: KAVO GRECO	+	100.00
CY99	DASOS AGIAS NAPAS	+	50.00
CY03	DASOS AGIAS NAPAS	+	53.00
CY03	National Forest Park of Kavo Greco	+	21.00
CY05	A/A 6100	*	21.00

Designated at international level:

Type	Site name	Type	Cover [%]
Other	IBA: KAVO GRECO	+	100.00

5.3 Site designation (optional)

The site of Cavo Gkreko includes the National Forest Park of Kavo Greco, which was designated by the Ministerial Council Decision 38.942 (72/93), on 18/2/1993; it covers an area of 384.9 ha (41.7 % of the terrestrial part of the site, 20.75 % of the whole site). Furthermore, it includes Dasos Agias Napas (Agia Napa Forest) which is a Main State Forest with an area of 493.4 ha (53.45% of the terrestrial part of the site and 26.98% of the whole site).Kavo Gkreko has been characterised as an Important Bird Area (Birdlife International).

6. SITE MANAGEMENT

6.1 Body(ies) responsible for the site management:

Organisation:	Department of Environment
Address:
Email:	director@environment.moa.gov.cy

Organisation:	Department of Forests
Address:
Email:	director@fd.moa.gov.cy

Organisation:	Department of Fisheries and Marine Research
Address:
Email:	director@dfmr.moa.gov.cy

6.2 Management Plan(s):

An actual management plan does exist:

X	Yes	Name: Δ.Σ. Περιοχής Natura 2000 ‘Kavo Gkreko’ Link: http://www.moa.gov.cy/moa/environment/environmentnew.nsf/All/523C67F6DE748DDCC22580840032C35A?OpenDocument
	No, but in preparation
	No

6.3 Conservation measures (optional)

The management of the marine area of the site is currently made according to the Fisheries Law and Regulations which interalia concerns the sound fishing management, the protection of Posidonia meadows from trawling activities as well as the protection of dolphins, turtles and seals.

7. MAP OF THE SITE

INSPIRE ID:

Map delivered as PDF in electronic format (optional)

Yes

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