For Special Protection Areas (SPA),
Proposed Sites for Community Importance (pSCI),
Sites of Community Importance (SCI) and
for Special Areas of Conservation (SAC)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• 1. SITE IDENTIFICATION
• 2. SITE LOCATION
• 3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
• 4. SITE DESCRIPTION
• 5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS
• 6. SITE MANAGEMENT
• 7. MAP OF THE SITE

1. SITE IDENTIFICATION

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1.1 Type

B

1.2 Site code

GR2450005

1.3 Site name

NOTIOANATOLIKOS PARNASSOS – ETHNIKOS DRYMOS PARNASSOU – DASOS TITHOREAS, SPILAIOVARATHRO

1.4 First Compilation date

1995-03

1.5 Update date

2020-07

1.6 Respondent:

Name/Organisation:	Υπουργείο Περιβάλλοντος και Ενέργειας
Address:
Email:

1.7 Site indication and designation / classification dates

Date site proposed as SCI:	1996-08
Date site confirmed as SCI:	2006-09
Date site designated as SAC:	2011-03
National legal reference of SAC designation:	Law 3937/29-3-11 (OJ 60 A)

2. SITE LOCATION

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2.1 Site-centre location [decimal degrees]:

Longitude:	22.548952
Latitude:	38.538621

2.2 Area [ha]

18626.6500

2.3 Marine area [%]

0.0000

2.4 Sitelength [km] (optional):

No information provided

2.5 Administrative region code and name

NUTS level 2 code	Region Name
GR24	Sterea Ellada

2.6 Biogeographical Region(s)

Mediterranean

(0.00 %)

3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

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3.1 Habitat types present on the site and assessment for them

Annex I Habitat types						Site assessment
Code	PF	NP	Cover [ha]	Cave [number]	Data quality	A|B|C|D	A|B|C
						Representativity	Relative Surface	Conservation	Global
4060			296.852	0.00		C	B	B	C
4090			4654.5	0.00		A	B	A	B
6220	X		92.7511	0.00		C	C	C	C
6230	X		0.559242	0.00		B	C	B	B
8140			140.66	0.00		A	B	A	A
8210			537.99	0.00		A	B	A	A
8310			0	3.00
9340			55.2738	0.00		A	C	B	B
9530	X		47.5572	0.00		B	C	A	B
9560	X		399.701	0.00		A	B	B	B

• PF: for the habitat types that can have a non-priority as well as a priority form (6210, 7130, 9430) enter "X" in the column PF to indicate the priority form.
• NP: in case that a habitat type no longer exists in the site enter: x (optional)
• Cover: decimal values can be entered
• Caves: for habitat types 8310, 8330 (caves) enter the number of caves if estimated surface is not available.
• Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation)

3.2 Species referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2009/147/EC and listed in Annex II of Directive 92/43/EEC and site evaluation for them

Species					Population in the site						Site assessment
G	Code	Scientific Name	S	NP	T	Size		Unit	Cat.	D.qual.	A|B|C|D	A|B|C
						Min	Max				Pop.	Con.	Iso.	Glo.
M	1308	Barbastella barbastellus			p				P	D	C	B	C	C
A	1193	Bombina variegata			p	8	10	grids1x1		M	C	A	C	C
P	1605	Bupleurum capillare			p	4531	4531	i	R	G	A	B	B	A
M	1352	Canis lupus			p				C	M	C	B	B	B

• Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, I = Invertebrates, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
• S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
• NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
• Type: p = permanent, r = reproducing, c = concentration, w = wintering (for plant and non-migratory species use permanent)
• Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the Standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting (see reference portal)
• Abundance categories (Cat.): C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present - to fill if data are deficient (DD) or in addition to population size information
• Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation); VP = 'Very poor' (use this category only, if not even a rough estimation of the population size can be made, in this case the fields for population size can remain empty, but the field "Abundance categories" has to be filled in)

3.3 Other important species of flora and fauna (optional)

Species					Population in the site				Motivation
Group	CODE	Scientific Name	S	NP	Size		Unit	Cat.	Species Annex		Other categories
					Min	Max		C|R|V|P	IV	V	A	B	C	D
P		Abies cephalonica						C				X
P		Achillea umbellata						P				X
I		Agabus bipustulatus						P						X
P		Allium parnassicum						P				X
P		Alyssum gustavssonii						R				X
I		Anthocharis damone						P						X
P		Aquilegia ottonis ssp. ottonis						V						X
P		Asperula boissieri						P				X
P		Asperula lutea						P				X
P		Astragalus apollineus						P				X
P		Astragalus hellenicus						P				X
P		Astragalus sempervirens ssp. cephalonicus						P				X
P		Beta nana						P				X
P		Bolanthus chelmicus ssp.chelmicus						V				X
P		Bolanthus thessalus						P				X
P		Bolanthus thymifolius						P				X
P		Campanula aizoon ssp. aizoon						R				X
P		Campanula radicosa						P				X
P		Campanula rupicola						P				X
P		Campanula topaliana ssp. delphica						P				X
I		Carcharodus flocciferus						P						X
P		Carum heldreichii						P				X
P		Centaurea musarum						R						X
P		Cerastium candidissimum						C				X
P		Cirsium heldreichii						P				X
P		Colchicum boissieri						P				X
P		Convolvulus mairei						R			X
R	1283	Coronella austriaca						P	X
R	1283	Coronella austriaca						P			X
R	1283	Coronella austriaca						P					X
P		Corydalis parnassica						P				X
P		Crocus hadriaticus						P				X
I		Cyaniris helena						P						X
P		Dianthus biflorus						P				X
P		Dianthus haematocalyx ssp. ventricosus						R				X
R	6138	Dolichophis caspius						P					X
R	6138	Dolichophis caspius						P			X
R	6138	Dolichophis caspius						P	X
P		Draba lacaitae						P				X
P		Draba parnassica						P				X
M	1342	Dryomys nitedula						P	X
M	1342	Dryomys nitedula						P					X
M	1342	Dryomys nitedula						P			X
P		Edraianthus parnassicus						P				X
P		Epipactis greuteri						V						X
M	1327	Eptesicus serotinus						P					X
M	1327	Eptesicus serotinus						P			X
M	1327	Eptesicus serotinus						P	X
P		Erodium chrysanthum						P				X
P		Erysimum parnassi						P				X
P		Euphorbia orphanidis						R				X
P		Genista parnassica						P				X
P		Geocaryum parnassicum						P				X
P		Geocaryum pumilum						P				X
I		Gomphus vulgatissimus						P						X
P		Gypsophila nana						P				X
I		Heodes alciphron						P						X
A	1203	Hyla arborea						P			X
A	1203	Hyla arborea						P	X
A	1203	Hyla arborea						P					X
M	5365	Hypsugo savii						p	X
M	5365	Hypsugo savii						p			X
M	5365	Hypsugo savii						p					X
I		Iolana iolas						P						X
R	1263	Lacerta viridis						P	X
R	1263	Lacerta viridis						P			X
R	1263	Lacerta viridis						P					X
P		Laserpitium pseudomeum						P				X
I		Lycaeides argyrognomon						P						X
P		Lysimachia serpyllifolia						P				X
P		Minuartia confusa						P				X
P		Nepeta parnassica						P				X
M	1312	Nyctalus noctula						p			X
M	1312	Nyctalus noctula						p					X
M	1312	Nyctalus noctula						p	X
P		Odontites linkii ssp. linkii						P				X
R	1269	Ophisaurus apodus						P			X
R	1269	Ophisaurus apodus						P	X
R	1269	Ophisaurus apodus						P					X
I		Pieris ergane						P						X
M	2016	Pipistrellus kuhlii						p	X
M	2016	Pipistrellus kuhlii						p					X
M	2016	Pipistrellus kuhlii						p			X
M	1309	Pipistrellus pipistrellus						p					X
M	1309	Pipistrellus pipistrellus						p	X
M	1309	Pipistrellus pipistrellus						p			X
I		Plebejus pylaon						P						X
M	5011	Plecotus kolombatovici						P	X
M	5011	Plecotus kolombatovici						P			X
M	5011	Plecotus kolombatovici						P					X
R	1256	Podarcis muralis						P					X
R	1256	Podarcis muralis						P	X
R	1256	Podarcis muralis						P			X
A	1209	Rana dalmatina						P	X
A	1209	Rana dalmatina						P			X
A	1209	Rana dalmatina						P					X
A	1208	Rana graeca						P	X
A	1208	Rana graeca						P					X
A	1208	Rana graeca						P			X
P		Rhamnus sibthorpianus						P				X
P		Rindera graeca						P				X
A	2351	Salamandra salamandra						P			X
A	2351	Salamandra salamandra						P					X
I		Saturnia pyri						P						X
M	1342	Sciurus vulgaris						P			X
M	1342	Sciurus vulgaris						P					X
P		Sedum apoleipon						P				X
P		Seseli parnassicum						P				X
P		Silene auriculata						P				X
P		Silene barbeyana						V				X
P		Silene guicciardii						V				X
P		Stachys swainsonii ssp. swainsonii						P				X
I		Strymonidia w-album						P						X
P		Thamnosciadium junceum						P				X
I		Thersamonia thetis						P						X
P		Trifolium parnassii						P				X
P		Trinia frigida						P				X
A		Triturus vulgaris						P			X
A		Triturus vulgaris						P					X
P		Verbascum speciosum ssp. megaphlomos						P				X
P		Veronica thymifolia						P				X
P		Viola graeca						P				X
P		Viola poetica						P				X
R	1295	Vipera ammodytes						P			X
R	1295	Vipera ammodytes						P	X
R	1295	Vipera ammodytes						P					X
I		Zygaena filipendulae						P						X
I		Zygaena lonicerae						P						X

• Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, Fu = Fungi, I = Invertebrates, L = Lichens, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
• CODE: for Birds, Annex IV and V species the code as provided in the reference portal should be used in addition to the scientific name
• S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
• NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
• Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting, (see reference portal)
• Cat.: Abundance categories: C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present
• Motivation categories: IV, V: Annex Species (Habitats Directive), A: National Red List data; B: Endemics; C: International Conventions; D: other reasons

4. SITE DESCRIPTION

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4.1 General site character

Habitat class	% Cover
N08	17.71
N09	19.46
N15	4.70
N17	7.55
N18	0.45
N22	49.88
N23	0.25
Total Habitat Cover	100

Other Site Characteristics

The site extents within three prefectures, Voiotia, Fthiotida and Fokida. It comprises the National Park of Parnassos with one part in Voiotia and the rest in Fokida, the south-east parts of the mountain and the aesthetic forest of Tithorea, situated in Fthoiotida. The archaeological site of the Delfoi Oracle (Manteio ton Delfon) has also been included in the site. The predominate climate is continental with a relatively cool yet dry summer period, rainy autumn and heavy winter, the latter lasting for many months.The highest rainfall occurs in November with August being the dryest month. The mean annual rainfall is about 1000 mm. There is also a considerable occurrence of hail storms which cause damages to the cultivations and the breeding animals. For at least two months per year, the high peaks of the mountain and definitely the National Park are covered by snow, which lasts from December until March and can reach up to 4 m above ground. At the subalpine zone, the snow goes on melting until the middle of June. The substrate consists of calcareous deposits of various age periods. The aesthetic forest of Tithorea is situated on the north-east side of Parnassos and over the homonymous village. Its altitude ranges from 500m up to 1200m above sea level. Its geomorphology is interesting, with karstic caves and palaeontological rocks. The National Park of Parnassos does not include the highest peaks of the mountain (e.g. Liakoura, Gerontovrachos, etc.). Setting off from the lowest altitude of the site (500 m) and reaching up to 800 m, the sclerophyllous evergreen-broadleaved formations prevail. As the altitude increases, there is a transition towards the montane conifers. There, the predominate forest species is Abies cephalonica (Corine 91 code 42.18, a habitat type not included in Annex I), forming pure extensive stands. Some strands of Pinus pallasiana ssp. nigra can also be observed. In certain spots, the forest is being interrupted by smaller or larger gaps covered by shrubs. It should be noted that the proposed sites of Parnassos and Giona are neighbouring. NOTE ON BIOGEOGRAPHIC REGION: Parnassos mountain (Liakoura 2457 m etc), characterized by Greek fir forest and by mixed forest of Greek fir and Quercus frainetto and by Daphno-Festucetalia, could be considered part of the continental biogeographic region.

4.2 Quality and importance

The quality and importance of the site under consideration is based on the ecological and aesthetic value of its natural elements -especially on its biodiversity- and in the cultural value of its archaeological and historical elements. From an ecological point of view, a variety of vegetation types, which are of excellent structure, are maintained and among them there exist special priority habitat types. This, in conjuction with its interesting geomorphology, make the area remarkably rich in flora and fauna. It has high alpine pastures, bare rocks and scree, and impressive forests, especially the oak forests forests and the endemic fir forest. The National Park of Parnassos was established in 1938 and is the second Greek National Park -the first being Mount Olympos. Its core coincides with a Special Protection Area (SPA), according to the Bird’s Directive. The aesthetic forest of Tithorea has been reported as being considerably rich in terms of flora and fauna, while its karstic formations and caves add to its attractions. The very famous -at a worldwide scale- archaeological site of the Delfoi Oracle (Manteio ton Delfon) has also been included in the proposed site, as it has been thoroughly studied in terms of floral and faunal species’ presence and thus contains some of the most significant species reported. The preservation of Delfoi, even in the form of a natural reserve, is suggested not only for the conservation of the important plant and animal taxa but for its ecotouristic attraction as well. The whole area is particularly important for birds of prey, woodpeckers and alpine birds. Many birds of those reported from the site are listed on Annex I of Council Directive 79/409/EEC, whereas the rest species of birds are being protected by International Conventions. Two of the latter, namely Columba oenas and Coturnix coturnix, are included in the National Red Data List. Some mammals, amphibians, reptiles, invertebrates and plants (Paeonia parnassica and Bupleurum capillare) are listed on Annex II of Council Directive 92/43/EEC. Apart from the bird species referred to above, specific species of mammals (Dryomis nitedula wingei and Spalax leucodon) are also included in the National Red Data List. The site hosts many species of invertebrates, many of them endemic, and many endemic species of plants. OTHER IMPORTANT SPECIES WITH MOTIVATION D Plants: The following species are protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) and are also included in the IUCN Red List of threatened species (1993): Alyssum doerfleri (rare), Genista parnassica (Rare), Astragalus lacteus (Rare), Seseli parnassicum (Rare), Athamanta densa (Rare), Beta nana (Rare), Silene barbeyana (Rare), Rindera graeca (Rare), Campanula rupicola (Rare), Omphalodes luciliae ssp. Scopulorum (Vulnerable), Silene guicciardii (Indeterminate), Stachys swainsonii swainsonii (Rare), Poa trichophylla (Rare), Campanula aizoon ssp. Aizooides (Vulnerable), Erodium chrysanthum (Vulnerable). The IUCN Red List of threatened species (1993), also includes the species Euphorbia orphanidis (Rare), Centaurea musarum (Rare), Abies cephalonica (Rare), Galium asparagifolium (Indeternminate).Geranium humbertii, Lactuca intricata, Helictotrichon aetolicum, Scutellaria rupestris ssp. Parnassica , Acer opalus ssp. Hyrcanum var. reginae-amaliae are protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81).The species O. luciliae scopulorum, Erodium chrysanthum, Aquilegia ottonis ssp. Ottonis, and Campanula aizoon ssp. Aizooides are included in the Coreine Checklist of threatened plants. The Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) also protects the species Viola poetica, Veronica erinoides, Veronica thymifolia.Pinguicula crystallina ssp. Hirtiflora is protected by the Bern Convention (1992) (cited on the list as P. crystallina, possibly referring to P. crystallina ssp. Crystallina) as well as Asperula lutea, Anthemis spruneri, Cirsium herdreichi, and Sesleria vaginalis.Minuartia stellata (an endemic of Greece & S. Albania). Scutellaria orientalis ssp. Alpina and Campanula trichocalycina (at scattered locations) are rare, in GreecePoa thessala, Acer heldreichii, Anthyllis vulneraria ssp. Bulgarica, Anthyllis vulneraria ssp. Pindicola, Carum heldreichii, Taraxacum gracilens , Campanula spatulata ssp. Spatulata , Sesleria tenerrima, Arabis bryoides, Arenaria conferta ssp. Conferta, Crocus veluchensis, , Verbascum graecum, Dianthus viscidus, Astragalus creticus ssp. Rumelicus , Lilium chalcedonicum, Silene radicosa ssp. Radicosa, Minuartia stellata, Malcolmia orsiniana ssp. Angulifolia, Dianthus viscidus, Rhamnus saxatilis ssp. Prunifolius, Dianthus integer ssp. Minutiflorus, Geocaryum pindicolum, Helleborus cyclophyllus, Hieracium parnassi , Sesleria tener rima, Rumex kerneri, Sideritis raeseri ssp. Raeseri (=Sideritis sicula ssp. Raeseri), Cerastium decalvans, Silene caesia, Taraxacum gracilens, Crataegus heldreichii, Crocus sieberi ssp. Sublimis and Carum graecum ssp. Graecum are endemic to the Balkan peninsula. Carlina frigida is a species occurring in Greece and possibly extending to Albania. Euphorbia amygdaloides ssp. Heldreichii is endemic to Greece and Albania. Valantia aprica is a balkan endemic (Greece, Albania) Galium incanum ssp. Incanum is a species with distribution in Greece, Anatolia. Erigeron epiroticus is a species occurring in the S.W. part of the Balkan peninsula and locally in Italy. Acantholimon echinus ssp. Echinus is a species with distribution in Greece and W Anatolia. Amelanchier ovalis ssp. Cretica is a species with distribution in Sicily and Greece. Astragalus thracicus ssp. Parnassi is a plant with distribution in Sterea Ellada, Thessalia, Samos, occurring only in W Anatolia out of Greece. Campanula trichocalycina (=Asyneuma trichocalycinum) is a rather rare plant with scattered localities in Greece (distribution Balkan peninsula, Sicily, Italy). Festuca polita occurs only in W. Anatolia out of Greece. Geranium macrostylum is a species with East Mediterranean distribution occurring in Albania, S former Jugoslavia, W & C Anatolia, Greece. Lamium garganicum ssp. Garganicum is a species with distribution in Distribution in S & C Greece and S Italy. Ornithogalum refractum is species occurring in SE Europe, Anatolia and Caucasus, obviously rare in Greece. Scutellaria rupestris ssp. Adenotricha is almost confined to Greece (just extending to S Albania). Silene marschalli is a species of SW Asia occurring only on Parnassos in Greece and Europe. Vertebrates: The following species are protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81): Dryomys nitedula wingei, Sciurus vulgaris, Rana dalmatina, Rana graeca, Salamandra salamandra, Triturus vulgaris, Triturus alpestris (including subspecies). The species Dryomys nitedula wingei, Rana dalmatina, Rana graeca are also considered species of Community importance, included in Annex IV of the Directive 92/43/EEC. Invertebrates: The following species are considered in need of protection in Europe (Legakis, 1995): Carcharodus flocciferous (Rare), Iolana iolas (Rare), Styrmonidia w-alba (Vulnerable), Thersmonia thetis (Endangered). Parnaasius apollo is considered an endangered species in Europe and is protected by international conventions (Bernn, CITES) as well as by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81), and included in the IUCN Red List of threatened species as «Rare». The Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) protects the species Leptidea duponcheli, Cyaniris helena, Hipparchia aristaeus and Thersmonia thetis.

4.3 Threats, pressures and activities with impacts on the site

The most important impacts and activities with high effect on the site

4.4 Ownership (optional)

No information provided

4.5 Documentation (optional)

1) Adamakopoulos T., Sfikas G. & Hatzirvassanis B. 1988. Axiologisi kai diacheirisi tou oikosystimatos tis Gionas (Evaluation and management of the Giona ecosystem). Kinisi Prostasias Ethnikon Drymon (Movement for the protection of the National Forests).

5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS

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5.1 Designation types at national and regional level (optional):

Code	Cover [%]
GR05	20.12
GR12	0.88
GR95	24.43

5.2 Relation of the described site with other sites (optional):

Designated at national or regional level:

Type code	Site name	Type	Cover [%]
GR12	Periastiko dasos Tithoreas Fthiotidas	*	0.88
GR05	Parnassos	*	20.12
GR95	Asprochoma-Psilo-Prontoli-Kelari (Arachovas)	*	24.43

5.3 Site designation (optional)

No information provided

6. SITE MANAGEMENT

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6.1 Body(ies) responsible for the site management:

No information provided

6.2 Management Plan(s):

An actual management plan does exist:

	Yes
	No, but in preparation
X	No

6.3 Conservation measures (optional)

No information provided

 

7. MAP OF THE SITE

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