For Special Protection Areas (SPA),
Proposed Sites for Community Importance (pSCI),
Sites of Community Importance (SCI) and
for Special Areas of Conservation (SAC)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• 1. SITE IDENTIFICATION
• 2. SITE LOCATION
• 3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
• 4. SITE DESCRIPTION
• 5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS
• 6. SITE MANAGEMENT
• 7. MAP OF THE SITE

1. SITE IDENTIFICATION

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1.1 Type

B

1.2 Site code

GR2530007

1.3 Site name

KORINTHIAKOS KOLPOS

1.4 First Compilation date

2016-12

1.5 Update date

2020-07

1.6 Respondent:

Name/Organisation:	Υπουργείο Περιβάλλοντος και Ενέργειας
Address:
Email:

1.7 Site indication and designation / classification dates

Date site proposed as SCI:	No information provided
Date site confirmed as SCI:	No information provided
Date site designated as SAC:	No information provided
National legal reference of SAC designation:	Law 3937/29-3-11 (OJ 60 A)

2. SITE LOCATION

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2.1 Site-centre location [decimal degrees]:

Longitude:	22.586202
Latitude:	38.204304

2.2 Area [ha]

236571.1500

2.3 Marine area [%]

100.0000

2.4 Sitelength [km] (optional):

No information provided

2.5 Administrative region code and name

NUTS level 2 code	Region Name
GR23	Dytiki Ellada
GR24	Sterea Ellada
GR25	Peloponnisos

2.6 Biogeographical Region(s)

Marine Mediterranean

(0.00 %)

3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

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3.1 Habitat types present on the site and assessment for them

Annex I Habitat types						Site assessment
Code	PF	NP	Cover [ha]	Cave [number]	Data quality	A|B|C|D	A|B|C
						Representativity	Relative Surface	Conservation	Global
1110			10175	0.00	P	A	C	B	B
1120	X		1109	0.00	P	B	C	B	B
1130			0	0.00	P	D	-	-	-
1150	X		54	0.00	G	C	B	B	B
1170			2267	0.00	G	A	C	B	B
8330			0	0.00	P	C	C	B	B

• PF: for the habitat types that can have a non-priority as well as a priority form (6210, 7130, 9430) enter "X" in the column PF to indicate the priority form.
• NP: in case that a habitat type no longer exists in the site enter: x (optional)
• Cover: decimal values can be entered
• Caves: for habitat types 8310, 8330 (caves) enter the number of caves if estimated surface is not available.
• Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation)

3.2 Species referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2009/147/EC and listed in Annex II of Directive 92/43/EEC and site evaluation for them

Species					Population in the site						Site assessment
G	Code	Scientific Name	S	NP	T	Size		Unit	Cat.	D.qual.	A|B|C|D	A|B|C
						Min	Max				Pop.	Con.	Iso.	Glo.
R	1224	Caretta caretta			p			subadults	C	DD
R	1227	Chelonia mydas			p			subadults	R	DD
M	1349	Tursiops truncatus			p				P	D	P

• Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, I = Invertebrates, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
• S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
• NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
• Type: p = permanent, r = reproducing, c = concentration, w = wintering (for plant and non-migratory species use permanent)
• Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the Standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting (see reference portal)
• Abundance categories (Cat.): C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present - to fill if data are deficient (DD) or in addition to population size information
• Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation); VP = 'Very poor' (use this category only, if not even a rough estimation of the population size can be made, in this case the fields for population size can remain empty, but the field "Abundance categories" has to be filled in)

3.3 Other important species of flora and fauna (optional)

Species					Population in the site				Motivation
Group	CODE	Scientific Name	S	NP	Size		Unit	Cat.	Species Annex		Other categories
					Min	Max		C|R|V|P	IV	V	A	B	C	D
I		Aplysina aerophoba						P					X
I		Arca noae						P						X
I		Axinella damicornis						P						X
I		Axinella polypoides						P					X
P		Axinella spp						P					X
I		Axinella spp						P					X
I		Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) europaea						P					X
I		Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) inornata						P					X
I		Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) smithii						P					X
P		Caulerpa cylindracea						P						X
I		Cladocora caespitosa						P					X
P		Cymodocea nodosa						P					X
P		Cystoseira spp						P					X
M	1350	Delphinus delphis						P						X
I		Dendrophyllia ramea						P					X
F		Epinephelus marginatus						P					X
I		Eunicella cavolini						P						X
M	2030	Grampus griseus						P						X
F		Hippocampus guttulatus						P					X
F		Hippocampus hippocampus						P					X
I		Holothuria spp						P						X
I		Leptogorgia sarmentosa						P						X
I		Madracis pharensis						P					X
I		Palinurus elephas						P					X
I		Paracentrotus lividus						P			X
I		Paramuricea clavata						P						X
I	1028	Pinna nobilis						P	X
I		Polycyathus muellerae						P					X
I		Savalia (=Gerardia) savaglia						P					X
I		Savalia savaglia						P					X
F		Sciaena umbra						P					X
I		Spondylus gaederopus						P						X
M	2034	Stenella coeruleoalba						P						X
F		Syngnathus acus						P						X
I		Tethya spp						P					X
I		Tonna galea						P					X
P		Womersleyella setacea						P						X

• Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, Fu = Fungi, I = Invertebrates, L = Lichens, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
• CODE: for Birds, Annex IV and V species the code as provided in the reference portal should be used in addition to the scientific name
• S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
• NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
• Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting, (see reference portal)
• Cat.: Abundance categories: C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present
• Motivation categories: IV, V: Annex Species (Habitats Directive), A: National Red List data; B: Endemics; C: International Conventions; D: other reasons

4. SITE DESCRIPTION

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4.1 General site character

Habitat class	% Cover
Total Habitat Cover	0

Other Site Characteristics

The site includes the entire Bay of Corinth. All cetacean data refer to an area covering 166300 ha (70,36%) of the site and mainly the eastern part of the site namely eastern of Akrata-Akr. Andromachi line: "This is a marine site encompassing the central and eastern part of Korinthiakos Gulf, which is a small, long and semi-enclosed sea of the Greek mainland, between the Ionian and Aegean Seas. Except the shallow Bay of Corinth in its south-east limit, all the sea area east of the line that joins capes Andromachi (in the north side) and Akrata (in the south side) is included in the site. The site is characterized by very steep slopes particularly along the southern coasts and two shallow bays in the north-west. The depth reaches a maximum of 935 m at the central area of the site. About 27% lies over depths up to 200 m, while 47% lies over depths of 500-935 m. The entire Korinthiakos Gulf is open for cetacean exchange only to the west. Cetacean intrusions from the east (through the long and narrow channel linking it with the waters of Saronikos Gulf) are virtually non-existent. There is a 24-h guard on both sides of the canal and only one dolphin has been reported during the period 1980-2015, and even in that case the dolphin did not cross the channel and returned eventually to the Saronikos Gulf. To the west the Korinthiakos Gulf opens to the Gulf of Patras and the Ionian Sea through the 2-km wide Rio-Antirio Strait which has a maximum depth 66 m. The shallow waters of the Korinthiakos Gulf west of the site and the Rio-Antirio strait constitute an important geographical barrier for the pelagic cetacean species that inhabit the deep part of this site. The entire Korinthiakos Gulf is a significantly isolated ecosystem and therefore fragile. The shallow coastal waters of the two bays on the northwest part of the site form part of the habitat of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) population unit of the Ionian Sea. The pelagic deeper waters are inhabited by a world-wide unique mixed-species dolphin society, which is formed by a pelagic form of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis), striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) and Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus). At least the two species (but possibly all the three) of this three-species population are isolated from other population units of their species because the western Korinthiakos Gulf, Patraikos Gulf and the waters of the inner Ionian Sea further west are shallow and not inhabited by striped or Risso’s dolphins, which are typically pelagic species of deep waters."Marine habitat & invertebrates (subregion: PARAKTIA PERIOCHI APO PSATHOPYRGO EOS EGIO): The area lies on the south-west part of Korinthiakos Gulf on the northern coast of Peloponnese, with its westernmost edge starting some 3 nm east of the Rio-Antirio Straits which connect Korinthiakos and Patraikos Gulf. The western part of Korinthiakos Gulf is characterized by temporary, wind-driven upwelling processes, which account for reduced surface and bottom temperatures; the area is generally characterized by increased turbidity levels (as compared to the open Aegean and Ionian Seas) which show strong seasonal variations, possibly related to the discharge of sediment and nutrient loads from the many seasonal streams and small rivers that drain along the N. Peloponnese coastline; much of the area’s coastline belongs to the southern faulted margin of the western Korinthiakos Gulf, thus experiencing exceptionally high seismicity and frequent submarine sliding phenomena; the basement rocks of the area consist of alpine Mesozoic limestones of the Pindos unit; both geological structure and underwater topography is controlled by the southern fault zone, which is responsible for the creation of large submarine slopes locally exceeding 45°; the soft bottoms of the site comprise silty sands, partially covered with coarse biogenic debris (especially large mollusc shells) and scattered limestone boulders, largely encrusted by thick coralline crusts (Salomidi et al., 2010 and references therein). The total area spans about 40 km2 of the coastal seabed, exceeding depths of 100m. (Habitat 1170: Cover 791(ha), Data quality: G, Representativity: A, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: B, Global: BHabitat 1120: Cover 40(ha), Data quality: P, Representativity: C Habitat 1110: Cover 3126(ha), Data quality: P, Representativity: A, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: B, Global: BHabitat 1130: Data quality: P, Representativity: D)Marine habitat & invertebrates (subregion:PARAKTIA ZONI APO NAFPAKTO EOS ITEA): The area’s marine front from Mornos River to Cape Psaromita has been expanded at 0.5 nm off coast, to mainly include the Posidonia oceanica meadows that occur along the coasts of Korinthiakos Gulf. The marine site also includes numerous reefs and islets (e.g. Trizonia, Ag. Ioannis, Kremmidi, Prasoudi, Ag. Nikolaos), and spans about 40 km2 of seabed surface, at places even exceeding depths of 150-200m.(Habitat 1110: Cover 2800 (ha), Data quality: M, Representativity: A, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: B, Global: BHabitat 1170: Cover 400(ha), Data quality: M, Representativity: A, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: C, Global: BHabitat 1120: Cover 800 (ha), Data quality: M, Representativity: B, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: B, Global: B)Marine habitat & invertebrates (subregion:THALASSIA PERIOCHI PERACHORAS):Τhe habitat type 1170 (: reefs) which extensively occurs along the southeastern Boeotian coasts of the Korinthiakos Gulf, supports significant deep sciaphilic communities known as Coralligenous biocenosis, i.e. complex biogenic structures built by encrusting coralline algae and other limestone-fixers such as Porifera, Cnidarians, Bryozoans and Serpulids. Such formations are particularly abundant along the Perachora peninsula (Issaris et al. 2012), occurring either in healthy, extensive populations of high representativity or in rather degraded facies. Healthy assemblages typically consist of facies of the octocorallians Eunicella cavolinii and/or Paramuricea clavata, among which facies of the rare and extremely longlived zoantharian Savalia savaglia also occur. Sponge species of the genus Axinella and several scleractinian and bryozoan species also make up for ubiquitous facies.Biodiversity-rich detritic bottoms characterize the deep (>40m) sedimentary parts of the area (Habitat Type 1110), where some spectacular Sargassum stands have been recorded (Tsiamis et al. 2012). Scattered, still unmapped, seagrass beds of Posidonia oceanica (Habitat Type 1120*) and Cymodocea nodosa (Habitat Type 1110) can be found at this site, mainly within the numerous shallow inlets and bays that characterize the coastline of Perachora peninsula. The artificial Vouliagmeni Lake at Iraion (Habitat Type 1160) has been shown to support large and important populations of the endangered Mediterranean fan mussel Pinna nobilis, as well as the scallop Pecten jacobaeus (Katsanevakis 2005a;b). Along the limestone rocky shores of the site, the endangered mollusk Lithophaga lithophaga presents patches of high abundance. Trawling is probably the most destructive impact currently affecting coralligenous communities. Trawling is also completely destructive on rhodolith beds. The action of trawling gear over or near coralligenous/rhodolith assemblages leads to the death of most engineering, dominant and builder species, either via direct mechanical impact or via siltation and burial due to sediment resuspension. Other major threats for these habitats are Artisanal and Recreational Fishing, their striking mechanical impacts having been repeatedly observed in this area and photographically recorded. Other important threats are coastal pollution, anchoring and reckless scuba diving etc. Illegal fishing is a known but highly unassessed threat for all marine species in general, but it has reportedly induced a significant decrease (50%) of the Vouliagmeni Lake P. nobilis population, within a period of 3 years (Katsanevakis, 2007; Katsanevakis et al, 2008). The alien green algae Caulerpa cylindracea (=racemosa) has been shown to present here invasive behavior (Tsiamis et al., 2012). Global warming is also known to generally increase vulnerability of marine communities and particularly so for the Mediterranean coralligenous (Ballesteros, 2006 and references therein).(Habitat 1170: Cover 1076 (ha), Data quality: G, Representativity: A, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: B, Global: BHabitat 8330: Data quality: P, Representativity: C, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: B, Global: BHabitat 1120: Cover 269 (ha), Data quality: P, Representativity: B, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: B, Global: BHabitat 1110: Cover 4249 (ha), Data quality: P, Representativity: A, Relative Surface: C, Conservation: B, Global: BHabitat 1150: Cover 54(ha), Data quality: G, Representativity: C, Relative Surface: B, Conservation: B, Global: B)

4.2 Quality and importance

As deducted from the many sea turtle strandings (>127 Caretta caretta and >4 Chelonia mydas) the marine area concentrates many turtles which apparently use this area for foraging.All cetacean data refer to an area covering 166300 ha (70,36%) of the site and mainly the eastern part of the site namely eastern of Akrata-Akr. Andromachi line:The site is of very high biological importance above all because it constitutes a unique ecosystem in the entire world. The mixed-species dolphin society that inhabit its deep waters presents three unique characteristics: a) it is the only known place on earth where pelagic dolphin species inhabit a semi-enclosed sea with an isolated population unit, b) the phenomenon of a permanent mixed-species dolphin society has not been observed so far in another place in the world, c) the site is the only known place in the world where hybrids between striped and common dolphins exist, are regularly produced and form part of this mixed species population. Given that the Korinthiakos Gulf is very significantly isolated from open pelagic waters and two or three of the dolphin species inhabiting the gulf are completely isolated from larger population units, the fragility of the entire ecosystem is extremely high.Furthermore, the bottlenose dolphin is listed in Annex II of the Directive 92/43/EEC and is also included in the Bern, Bonn and CITES conventions, in the Greek Red Data Book (endangered species) and is also protected by the Greek legislation (Presidential Decree 67/1981). The Mediterranean population of common dolphins is classified as Endangered in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals and is priority/key species in the ACCOBAMS agreement. It is also included in Appendix I and II of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (Bonn Convention - CMS).The two other important cetacean species, striped dolphins and Risso’s dolphins that are sympatric with the common dolphins in deep central area of the site are protected species listed in Annex IV of 92/43/EEC Directive and are also included in the Bern, Bonn and CITES conventions, in the Greek Red Data Book and are also protected by the Greek legislation (Presidential Decree 67/1981).Marine habitat & invertebrates (subregion: PARAKTIA PERIOCHI APO PSATHOPYRGO EOS EGIO): The habitat type 1170 (: reefs) which extensively occurs along the northwestern Peloponnese coasts, supports significant deep sciaphilic communities known as Coralligenous, i.e. complex biogenic structures built by encrusting coralline algae and other limestone-fixers such as Porifera, Cnidarians, Bryozoans and Serpulids. Such formations are particularly abundant in this area, either with healthy and well-structured populations of high biodiversity and representativity, or with severely degraded facies. Coralligenous communities’ distribution and current ecological state in the Greek circalittoral zone is still little known, due mostly to their considerably deep presence (usually >30m) (Salomidi et al., 2009). Particular to this site of SW Korinthiakos gulf, healthy coralligenous facies were recorded at depths as shallow as 9m back in 2006 (Salomidi et al., 2006), but their vertical distribution has considerably decreased since (Salomidi pers. obs). Typical facies, locally dense, of the octocorallians Eunicella cavolinii and Paramuricea clavata occur at depths ranging between 20-60m. Patches of the seagrasses Posidonia oceanica (Habitat Type 1120*) and Cymodocea nodosa also occur in the area, although with scattered presence. Biodiversity-rich, mixed coarse detritic bottoms make for the deep sedimentary part of the area (Habitat Type 1110).The site comprises the sole insofar greek record for the scleractinian coral Dendrophyllia ramea (Salomidi et al., 2010), a species included in the Annex II of the CITES Treaty. Other species of the CITES treaty to be found abundant in this area include the scleractinians Ballanophyllia europae, Caryophyllia inornata, Phyllangia mouchezii and Polycyathus muellerae (Salomidi et al., 2006; Salomidi et al., 2010; Çinar et al., 2014). Various sponge species are commonly found on rocky slopes and outcrops. The rare zoantharian Savalia savaglia (protected under the Bern and Barcelona conventions) is also known to form some spectacular facies here (Salomidi et al., 2010). Large specimens of Leptogorgia sarmentosa can be found in deeper detritic bottoms. Since 2014, part of this site (Labiri coast) has been environmentally monitored by the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research in the frames of the CIGESMED project (http://www.cigesmed.eu/).Destructive fishing practices such as bottom trawling, are probably the most important pressure affecting biogenic communities. The action of trawling gear over or near coralligenous/rhodolith assemblages leads to the death of most engineering, dominant and builder species, either via direct mechanical impact or via siltation and burial due to sediment resuspension. Other major threats to these habitats are artisanal and recreational fishing activities (netting and longlining), their striking mechanical impacts (abrasion/smothering/breaking) having been repeatedly observed in the area and photographically recorded. Proximity of these habitats to the shore, along with their notable shallow upper limit for the eastern Mediterranean standards, render these communities even more prone to human impacts such as coastal pollution, dumping of inert material, recreational activities, anchoring, reckless scuba diving etc. Also particular to the vulnerability of this site is the increased turbidity and burial by sediments caused by the adjacent construction works of Olympia Odos Motorway (ongoing since 2008). Alien species that have been recorded in this area and may present a potential threat to native communities include the green algae Caulerpa cylindracea and the red algae Womersleyella setacea (Tsiamis et al., 2012). Global warming is also known to increase vulnerability of these communities.Marine habitat & invertebrates (subregion:PARAKTIA ZONI APO NAFPAKTO EOS ITEA): The area is of great importance due to the persistence of extensive Posidonia beds (Habitat Type 1120), otherwise limited within the wider Korinthiakos gulf due to both natural and anthropogenic causes. This habitat type covers the largest part of the infralittoral zone of the site at depths between 5-22m, while sands with Cymodocea nodosa meadows and detritic sands (Habitat Type 1110) dominate the shallower and deeper zones respectively. Habitat Type 1170 (sublittoral rocks and reefs) is also common and extensive. The site still preserves important populations of various species vulnerable to uncontrolled exploitation, i.e. Arca noae, Pinna nobilis, Spondylus gaederopus, Hippocampus guttulatus, Syngnathus acus and various species of Holothuria.Marine habitat & invertebrates (subregion:THALASSIA PERIOCHI PERACHORAS):The area lies on the east part of Korinthiakos Gulf, with its southernmost edge at a distance of approximately 4nm from the Corinth Canal, and its northernmost edge reaching and including the Alkyonides island complex and the Skinos Bay. The area extends along the whole coastal front of Perachora Peninsula, mainly comprising steep cliffs frequently intervened by small inlets and bays with sandy beaches. On the southwestern part of the peninsula lies Vouliagmeni Lake lagoon (Iraion) which connects to Korinthiakos Gulf via a narrow (18.7 m) and shallow (1.1 M) artificial channel (Katsanevakis, 2005a). The Perachora Peninsula bedrock comprises Mesozoic limestones, flysch deposits and basic volcanic bedrock, overlain by Plio–Pleistocene sands and limestones; the area is dissected by numerous faults, including the South Alkyonides Fault (Kershaw & Guo, 2001). Semi-submerged and submerged caves and overhangs also occur with scattered presence.

4.3 Threats, pressures and activities with impacts on the site

The most important impacts and activities with high effect on the site

No information provided

4.4 Ownership (optional)

No information provided

4.5 Documentation (optional)

[1] Cinar ME, Feral JP, Arvanitidis C, David R, Taskn E, Dailianis T, Dogan A, Gerovasileiou V, Dagl E, Aysel V, Bakr K, Salomidi M, Sini M, Ack S, Dimitriadis C, Koutsoubas D, Onen S, 2014. Preliminary assessment of macrobenthic assemblages of coralligenous habitats across the Mediterranean Sea. Proceedings of the 2nd Mediterranean Symposium on the Conservation of Coralligenous and Other Calcareous Bio-Concretions, Slovenia~ 10/2014. [2] Salomidi M., Issaris Y. & Pancucci-Papadopoulou Μ.Α., 2006. Marine Protected Areas as a tool for Coastal Zone Management: Feasibility study at a site of high biodiversity (Egio, Korinthiakos Gulf, Greece). 8th HCMR Symposium on Oceanography & Fisheries, Thessaloniki, 4-8 June, 2006, 663-668pp (in greek). [3] Salomidi M., C. Smith, S. Katsanevakis, P. Panayotidis & V. Papathanassiou, 2009. Some Observations on the Structure and Distribution of several Gorgonian Assemblages in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea». In: 1st Mediterranean Symposium on Coralligenous conservation and other calcareous bio-concretions. Tabarka, Tunisia 15-16 Jan, 2009. [4] Salomidi M., H. Zibrowius, Y. Issaris & K. Milionis, 2010. Dendrophyllia in Greek waters, Mediterranean Sea, with the first record of D. ramea (Cnidaria, Scleractinia) from the area. Mediterranean Marine Science 11 (1): 189-194. [5] Tsiamis K., Panayotidis P., Peters A.F., Kawai H., Salomidi M., Nikolic V., Zuljevic A., Taskin E., Balanika A., Konida A., Tsirigoti A., Kupper F.C., Katsaros C., 2012. Recent highlights in the exploration of east Mediterranean brown algal biodiversity and ecology. 10th Symposium of Oceanography and Fisheries, Athens, May 7-11, 2012.[1] HCMR, 2013. Brown algal biodiversity and ecology in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: Report of the 2nd deep sea cruise, Greece, October 2013, [2] F. Vilanakis, Photographic Database 2013. [3] Y. Issaris, Photographic Database 2013 [4] Koutsoubas D, S Galinou-Mitsoudi, S Katsanevakis, P Leontarakis, A Metaxatos, Zenetos A, 2007. Bivalve and Gastropod Mollucs of commercial interest for human consumption in the Hellenic Seas pp 70-84 in: SoHelFI, 2007, State of Hellenic Fisheries. C. Papaconstantinou, A. Zenetos, V. Vassilopoulou & G. Tserpes (Eds) HCMR Publ, 466 pp[1] Issaris Y, Katsanevakis S, Pantazi M, Vassilopoulou V, Panayotidis P, Kavadas S, Kokkali A, Salomidi M, Frantzis A, Panou A, Damalas D, Klaoudatos D, Sakellariou D, Drakopoulou V, Kyriakidou C, Maina I, Fric J, Smith C, Giakoumi S, Karris G (2012) Ecological mapping and data quality assessment for the needs of ecosystem-based marine spatial management: Case study Greek Ionian Sea and the adjacent gulfs. Medit. Mar. Scie. 13:297-311. [2] Kershaw S., Guo L., 2001. Marine notches in coastal cliffs: indicators of relative sea-level change, Perachora Peninsula, central Greece, Mar. Geol., 179(3–4): 213-228. [3] Katsanevakis S, 2005a. Abundance and spatial distribution of the Mediterranean scallop, Pecten jacobaeus, in a marine lake. Fish. Res. 76: 417-429. [4] Katsanevakis S, 2005b. Population ecology of the fan mussel, Pinna nobilis, in a marine lake. Endangered Species Res. 1:1-9 [5] Katsanevakis, S. 2007. Growth and mortality rates of the fan mussel Pinna nobilis in Lake Vouliagmeni (Korinthiakos Gulf, Greece): a generalized additive modeling approach. Marine Biology 152(6): 1319-1331. [6] Katsanevakis, S., Lefkaditou, E., Galinou-Mitsoudi, S., Koutsoubas, D. & Zenetos, A. 2008. Molluscan species of minor commercial interest in Hellenic seas: Distribution, exploitation and conservation status. Mediterranean Marine Science 9(1): 77-118. [7] Tsiamis K., Panayotidis P., Peters A.F., Kawai H., Salomidi M., Nikolic V., Zuljevic A., Taskin E., Balanika A., Konida A., Tsirigoti A., Kupper F.C., Katsaros C., 2012. Recent highlights in the exploration of east Mediterranean brown algal biodiversity and ecology. 10th Symp. Oceanogr. & Fish., Athens, May 7-11, 2012.Kotzageorgis G., Mantzavelas A., Hadjicharalambous E., Defingou M., Gioutlakis M., Papagrigoriou S., Alexandridou E.(Editor) 2015, “Deliverable C7: New Natura 2000 areas or Natura 2000 sites proposal with digital or printed maps, filled in Standard Data Forms and new updated Natura 2000 database (Access 2003) with data from the new proposed areas”. YΡEN, Athens, Joint venture of Enveco S.A., Omikron S.A., Karolidis Theodoros, Fyselias Spyridon, Consultant EKVY, pages 124Σαλωμίδη Μ., Γερακάρης Β., Ίσσαρης Ι., Φραντζής Α., Αλεξιάδου Π., Ευθυμίου-Χαραλαμποπούλου Ε., Στεφανάτου Ρ., Καραμβάσης Κ., Δενδρινός Π., Καραμανλίδης Α., Ευαγγελάτου Κ., Ελευθερίου Ι. (2015). Παραδοτέο Γ8 της Μελέτης 8 «Εποπτεία και Αξιολόγηση της Κατάστασης Διατήρησης Θαλάσσιων Τύπων Οικοτόπων και Ειδών κοινοτικού ενδιαφέροντος στην Ελλάδα». ΥΠΑΠΕΝ, Σύπραξη Γραφείων “Δ. ΑΡΓΥΡΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ– ΓΑΜΜΑ-4 ΕΠΕ-ΣΙΓΑΛΑΣ Ι.», Αθήνα.Frantzis A. 2009. Cetaceans in Greece: Present status of knowledge. Initiative for the Conservation of Cetaceans in Greece, Athens, Greece, 94 pp.Frantzis A. and Herzing D., 2002. Mixed-species associations of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba), short beaked common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) and Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus) in the Gulf of Corinth (Greece, Mediterranean Sea). Aquatic Mammals 28(2): 188-197. Bearzi, G., Bonizzoni, S., Agazzi, S., Gonzalvo, J. and Currey, R. J. C. 2011. Striped dolphins and short-beaked common dolphins in the Gulf of Corinth, Greece: Abundance estimates from dorsal fin photographs. Marine Mammal Science, 27: E165–E184.Bearzi, G., Bonizzoni, S., Gonzalvo, J. 2011. Mid-distance movements of common bottlenose dolphins in the coastal waters of Greece. Journal of Ethology. 29(2):369-374. Πάσχου Ν., Φραντζής Α., Αλεξιάδου Π., Αντωνίου Α., Πουλακάκης Ν. 2014. Διερεύνηση των φυλογενετικών σχέσεων και της ζώνης υβριδισμού των ειδών Stenella coeruleoalba και Delphinus delphis στον ευρύτερο χώρο του Αιγαίου. 7o Πανελλήνιο Sυνέδριο Οικολογίας, Μυτιλήνη, 9-12/10/2014, Πρακτικά Συνεδρίου, σ. 254.

5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS

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6. SITE MANAGEMENT

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6.1 Body(ies) responsible for the site management:

No information provided

6.2 Management Plan(s):

An actual management plan does exist:

	Yes
	No, but in preparation
X	No

6.3 Conservation measures (optional)

No information provided

 

7. MAP OF THE SITE

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SITE DISPLAY