For Special Protection Areas (SPA),
Proposed Sites for Community Importance (pSCI),
Sites of Community Importance (SCI) and
for Special Areas of Conservation (SAC)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• 1. SITE IDENTIFICATION
• 2. SITE LOCATION
• 3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
• 4. SITE DESCRIPTION
• 5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS
• 6. SITE MANAGEMENT
• 7. MAP OF THE SITE

1. SITE IDENTIFICATION

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1.1 Type

B

1.2 Site code

GR4210001

1.3 Site name

KASOS KAI KASONISIA – EVRYTERI THALASSIA PERIOCHI

1.4 First Compilation date

1995-03

1.5 Update date

2020-07

1.6 Respondent:

Name/Organisation:	Υπουργείο Περιβάλλοντος και Ενέργειας
Address:
Email:

1.7 Site indication and designation / classification dates

Date site proposed as SCI:	1996-08
Date site confirmed as SCI:	2006-09
Date site designated as SAC:	2011-03
National legal reference of SAC designation:	Law 3937/29-3-11 (OJ 60 A)

2. SITE LOCATION

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2.1 Site-centre location [decimal degrees]:

Longitude:	26.910484
Latitude:	35.404069

2.2 Area [ha]

21487.3700

2.3 Marine area [%]

67.9200

2.4 Sitelength [km] (optional):

No information provided

2.5 Administrative region code and name

NUTS level 2 code	Region Name
GR42	Notio Aigaio

2.6 Biogeographical Region(s)

Mediterranean

(0.00 %)

Marine Mediterranean

(0.00 %)

3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

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3.1 Habitat types present on the site and assessment for them

Annex I Habitat types						Site assessment
Code	PF	NP	Cover [ha]	Cave [number]	Data quality	A|B|C|D	A|B|C
						Representativity	Relative Surface	Conservation	Global
1110			7231	0.00	G	A		A	A
1120	X		1715	0.00	G	A		B	B
1170			1370	0.00	G	A		C	B
1240			351.127	0.00	G	A	B	A	B
1310			0.480048	0.00	G	A	C	A	B
1430			30.836	0.00	G	B	B	A	A
2110			0.292957	0.00	G	A	C	C	C
3170	X	X	0	0.00	G
3290		X	0	0.00	G
5210			826.531	0.00	G	B	C	B	B
5330			688.783	0.00	G	A	B	A	B
5420			3978.64	0.00	G	A	C	A	B
8210			3.43253	0.00	G	A	C	A	B
8310			0	1.00
8330			0	0.00	M	B		B	B

• PF: for the habitat types that can have a non-priority as well as a priority form (6210, 7130, 9430) enter "X" in the column PF to indicate the priority form.
• NP: in case that a habitat type no longer exists in the site enter: x (optional)
• Cover: decimal values can be entered
• Caves: for habitat types 8310, 8330 (caves) enter the number of caves if estimated surface is not available.
• Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation)

3.2 Species referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2009/147/EC and listed in Annex II of Directive 92/43/EEC and site evaluation for them

Species					Population in the site						Site assessment
G	Code	Scientific Name	S	NP	T	Size		Unit	Cat.	D.qual.	A|B|C|D	A|B|C
						Min	Max				Pop.	Con.	Iso.	Glo.
P	4082	Crepis pusilla			p	2	2	grids1x1	P	P	B	B	C	B
A	5359	Lyciasalamandra helverseni			p				C	DD	A	B	A	A
P	1459	Silene holzmannii			p				P	P	C	A	C	A
M	1349	Tursiops truncatus			p				P	DD	D

• Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, I = Invertebrates, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
• S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
• NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
• Type: p = permanent, r = reproducing, c = concentration, w = wintering (for plant and non-migratory species use permanent)
• Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the Standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting (see reference portal)
• Abundance categories (Cat.): C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present - to fill if data are deficient (DD) or in addition to population size information
• Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation); VP = 'Very poor' (use this category only, if not even a rough estimation of the population size can be made, in this case the fields for population size can remain empty, but the field "Abundance categories" has to be filled in)

3.3 Other important species of flora and fauna (optional)

Species					Population in the site				Motivation
Group	CODE	Scientific Name	S	NP	Size		Unit	Cat.	Species Annex		Other categories
					Min	Max		C|R|V|P	IV	V	A	B	C	D
R	1276	Ablepharus kitaibelii						C	X
R	1276	Ablepharus kitaibelii						C			X
R	1276	Ablepharus kitaibelii						C					X
P		Allium rubrovittatum						P				X
P		Alyssoides cretica						P				X
P		Anacamptis pyramidalis						P						X
P		Anacamptis pyramidalis						P					X
P		Anthemis ammanthus ssp. ammanthus						P				X
P		Arenaria fragillima						P				X
P		Aristolochia cretica						P				X
P		Arum creticum						P						X
I		Axinella polypoides						P					X
I		Axinella spp						P					X
P		C. taxifolia var. distichophylla						P						X
P		Campanula carpatha						P				X
P		Campanula pinatzii						P				X
P		Caulerpa cylindracea						P						X
P		Caulerpa sp						P						X
P		Centaurea aegialophila						P						X
I		Conomurex persicus						P						X
P		Crepis tybakiensis						P				X
P		Crocus tournefortii						P				X
P		Cymodocea nodosa						P					X
P		Cystoseira compressa						P						X
P		Cystoseira corniculata						P					X
P		Cystoseira crinita						P						X
P		Cystoseira crinita						P					X
P		Cystoseira foeniculacea f. schiffneri						P					X
P		Cystoseira spp						P					X
P		Dianthus fruticosus ssp. carpathus						P				X
P		Halophila stipulacea						P						X
R		Hemidactylus turcicus						C			X
R		Hemidactylus turcicus						C					X
P		Hymenolobus procumbens						P						X
P		Hypericum cuisinii						P				X
P		Lithophyllum tortuosum						P					X
I		Madracis pharensis						P					X
R	6958	Mediodactylus kotschyi						C			X
R	6958	Mediodactylus kotschyi						C	X
R	6958	Mediodactylus kotschyi						C					X
I		Melibe viridis						P						X
P		Melobesioideae						P						X
P		Nigella carpatha						P				X
P		Noaea mucronata						P						X
I		Ophidiaster ophidianus						P					X
P		Ophrys bombyliflora						P					X
P		Ophrys bombyliflora						P						X
P		Ophrys tenthredinifera						P					X
P		Ophrys tenthredinifera						P						X
P		Orchis sancta						P					X
P		Orchis sancta						P						X
P		Papaver nigrotinctum						P						X
I		Percnon gibbesi						P						X
P		Phlomis floccosa						P						X
P		Phlomis pichleri						P				X
I	1028	Pinna nobilis						P					X
I	1028	Pinna nobilis						P	X
I	1028	Pinna nobilis						P			X
P		Pteris vittata						P						X
P		Salsola aegaea						P				X
P		Sedum praesidis						P				X
F		Siganus luridus						P						X
F		Siganus rivulatus						P						X
F		Siganus rivulatus						P			X
F		Sparisoma cretense						P						X
I		Sphaerechinus granularis						P						X
P		Staehelina fruticosa						P				X
P		Stypopodium schimperi						P						X
R	1289	Telescopus fallax						C	X
R	1289	Telescopus fallax						C			X
R	1289	Telescopus fallax						C					X
P		Teucrium brevifolium						P						X
P		Titanoderma trochanter						P					X
P		Trigonella rechingeri						P				X
F		Xyrichtys novacula						P						X
F		Xyrichtys novacula						P			X
P		Zygophyllum album						P						X

• Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, Fu = Fungi, I = Invertebrates, L = Lichens, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
• CODE: for Birds, Annex IV and V species the code as provided in the reference portal should be used in addition to the scientific name
• S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
• NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
• Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting, (see reference portal)
• Cat.: Abundance categories: C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present
• Motivation categories: IV, V: Annex Species (Habitats Directive), A: National Red List data; B: Endemics; C: International Conventions; D: other reasons

4. SITE DESCRIPTION

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4.1 General site character

Habitat class	% Cover
N01	47.84
N04	0.10
N05	3.94
N06	0.01
N08	41.73
N15	4.48
N22	0.01
N23	1.89
Total Habitat Cover	100

Other Site Characteristics

The site is located at the marine area to the east of Crete, between the islands of Crete and Karpathos. It includes the island of Kasos, its surrounding small islands and the marine area that is included up to the depth curve of 50 m (the marine part covers 2% of the site). It is the southernmost island group of Dodekanisos archipelagos and it comprises 14 small islands and islets; the most important of them are: Armathia, Makronisi, Kariofila, Porioni, Mikro Pontikonisi, Megalo Pontikonisi and Lytra. The largest one (Armathia) with an area of 2567 km2 and maximum altitude 111 m, lies NW of Kasos. The smallest one (Porioni) with an area 21 km2 lies between the islands of Armathia and Makronisi. The island of Kasos (with maximum altitude 597 m), can be cosidered as a typical example of environmental downgrading. It is characterized by areas occupied by phrygana of a bad state, due to the intensive grazing. The predominant plant species are Sarcopoterium spinosum, Thymus capitatus and Genista acanthothamnos; only in the SW part of the island (Avlaki bay) there is a small area with Juniperus phoenicea, which has also been overgrazed. Moreover, there is locally restricted cultivation, occuping different parts on the island. The extensive sea-cliffs around the island, are in an excellent condition. Since 1980 there has been an extremely uncotrolled increase in the number of goat and sheep, that stretches the ability of the ecosystem to overcome. This event has affected the soil and the vegetation adversely; the original maquis have been downgraded to phrygana, the abandoned cultivation has also been occupied by phrygana, the slopes of the mountains have been stripped of their vegetation and the soil has become eroded. The small island of Armathia, is distinguished for the abandoned cultivations at the coastal areas, which have been colonized by phrygana (Thymus capitatus and Limonium graecum), while in the interior of the island and along their slopes there is a formation of Juniperus phoenicea. Nowadays, the grazing is not so intense at this part of the site (Armathia island), so there is a remarkable regeneration of Juniperus phoenicea. There are also sand dunes (of a bad state, with Limonium graecum and Teucrium gracile), shallow inlets and bays and at the western end there is a small lake. On the islet of Makronisi there are saltmarsh scrubs (on the coastal area) and phrygana (in the interior of the island). The islet of Lytra is still under overgrazing. There are phrygana and flattened sea-cliffs. The rest of the islets are characterized by sea cliffs and halophilus vegetation.

4.2 Quality and importance

The quality and importance of the site result from the following elements:1)The island of Kasos is very important for the avifauna of Greece. It is designated as Important Bird Area in Europe. Moreover, it is very important for its invertebrate subfossils (especially terrestrial molluscs subfossils). 2) The small island of Armathia is of great aesthetic value. Also, there is remarkable regeneration of Juniperus phoenicea, which means that the ecosystem follows an upgrade process and it must be protected. 3) In the small island of Armathia as well as in the most of the islets, the human impact is very restricted nowadays. 4) In addition to the included in Annex II animal species, there are many other rare and endemic species of plants and animals. 5) In general terms, the whole of the site is of great aesthetic value featuring also a variety of habitat types remarkable for their representativity as well as for their conservation status.OTHER IMPORTANT SPECIES IN WITH MOTIVATION D Telescopus fallax is protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81). The species Telescopus fallax and Ablepharous kitaibellii are included IV Annex of the Directive 92/43/EEC. Plants: The species Arenaria fragilima, Centaurea aegialophila, Nigella carpatha, Dianthus fruticosus, Phlomis pichleri, Staehelina fruticosa are all protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81). Moreover the following endemic species are included in the IUCN Red Data List (1993) in the category of threatened plants: Phlomis pichleri, Staehelina fruticosa, Dianthus fruticosus ssp. carpathus and Nigella carpatha are included 1993 (Greece, World) and 1988 (Europe) with the characterization «Rare». The following species are included in the IUCN Red Data List (1993) in the category of threatened plants: Hymenolobus procumbens (indeterminate), Pteris vittata (rare), Campanula delicatula (rare), Zygophyllum album (rare), Centaurea aegialophila (vulnerable), Centaurea aegialophila is also included in the CORINE biotopes checklist of threatened plants. The following species are protected by the Greek Law (Presidential Decree 67/81) and are included in the IUCN Red Data List (1993) in the category of threatened plants: Noaea mucronata (rare), Papaver nigrotinctum (=Papaver argemone ssp. nigrotinctum) (rare). Arum creticum is a species with distribution in Crete and the East Aegean (only in SW Turkey out of Greece). The following orchid species are protected by the CITES Convention (Annex C): Anacamptis pyramidalis, Ophrys bombyliflora, Ophrys tenthredinifera, Orchis sancta.Teucrium brevifolium is an S. Aegean species occuring in Anatolia, Egypt and Libya out of Greece.

4.3 Threats, pressures and activities with impacts on the site

The most important impacts and activities with high effect on the site

4.4 Ownership (optional)

No information provided

4.5 Documentation (optional)

No information provided

5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS

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5.1 Designation types at national and regional level (optional):

Code	Cover [%]
GR95	2.14

5.2 Relation of the described site with other sites (optional):

Designated at national or regional level:

Type code	Site name	Type	Cover [%]
GR95	Nisides Armathia kai Makronisi tis Kasou, Antitilos kai Gaidaros tis TilouΖ.klp	*	2.14

5.3 Site designation (optional)

No information provided

6. SITE MANAGEMENT

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6.1 Body(ies) responsible for the site management:

Organisation:	FOREST DIRECTORATE OF DODEKANISA
Address:
Email:

6.2 Management Plan(s):

An actual management plan does exist:

	Yes
	No, but in preparation
X	No

6.3 Conservation measures (optional)

No information provided

 

7. MAP OF THE SITE

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