Database release:

SDF

NATURA 2000 - STANDARD DATA FORM

For Special Protection Areas (SPA),
Proposed Sites for Community Importance (pSCI),
Sites of Community Importance (SCI) and
for Special Areas of Conservation (SAC)

SITE	NL4000021
SITENAME	Grevelingen

1. SITE IDENTIFICATION
2. SITE LOCATION
3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
4. SITE DESCRIPTION
5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS
6. SITE MANAGEMENT
7. MAP OF THE SITE

1. SITE IDENTIFICATION

1.1 Type

1.2 Site code

NL4000021

1.3 Site name

Grevelingen

1.4 First Compilation date

1998-10

1.5 Update date

2018-12

1.6 Respondent:

Name/Organisation:	Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality - Department Nature & Biodiversity
Address:
Email:

1.7 Site indication and designation / classification dates

Date site classified as SPA:	2000-03
National legal reference of SPA designation	http://www.synbiosys.alterra.nl/natura2000/documenten/gebieden/115/N2K115_DB%20HVW%20Grevelingen.pdf

Date site proposed as SCI:	1998-07
Date site confirmed as SCI:	2004-12
Date site designated as SAC:	2013-09
National legal reference of SAC designation:	http://www.synbiosys.alterra.nl/natura2000/documenten/gebieden/115/N2K115_DB%20HVW%20Grevelingen.pdf

Explanation(s):

Merge of SPA NL9802021 Grevelingen and SCI NL4000021 Grevelingen

2. SITE LOCATION

2.1 Site-centre location [decimal degrees]:

Longitude:	3.991900
Latitude:	51.742100

2.2 Area [ha]

13753.0000

2.3 Marine area [%]

0.0000

2.4 Sitelength [km]:

0.00

2.5 Administrative region code and name

NUTS level 2 code	Region Name
NL33	Zuid-Holland
NL34	Zeeland

2.6 Biogeographical Region(s)

Atlantic

(100.00 %)

3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

3.1 Habitat types present on the site and assessment for them

Annex I Habitat types						Site assessment
Code	PF	NP	Cover [ha]	Cave [number]	Data quality	A\|B\|C\|D	A\|B\|C
						Representativity	Relative Surface	Conservation	Global
1310			285	0.00	M	B	B	C	B
1330			293	0.00	M	C	B	C	B
2130			15	0.00	P	B	B	C	B
2160			508	0.00	M	C	B	A	B
2170			230	0.00	M	B	B	B	B
2190			478	0.00	M	C	B	B	B
6430			1	0.00	M	B	C	A	B

PF: for the habitat types that can have a non-priority as well as a priority form (6210, 7130, 9430) enter "X" in the column PF to indicate the priority form.
NP: in case that a habitat type no longer exists in the site enter: x (optional)
Cover: decimal values can be entered
Caves: for habitat types 8310, 8330 (caves) enter the number of caves if estimated surface is not available.
Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation)

3.2 Species referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2009/147/EC and listed in Annex II of Directive 92/43/EEC and site evaluation for them

Species					Population in the site						Site assessment
G	Code	Scientific Name	S	NP	T	Size		Unit	Cat.	D.qual.	A\|B\|C\|D	A\|B\|C
						Min	Max				Pop.	Con.	Iso.	Glo.
B	A054	Anas acuta			w	85	85	i		G	C	A	C	C
B	A056	Anas clypeata			w	64	64	i		G	C	A	C	C
B	A052	Anas crecca			w	307	307	i		G	C	B	C	C
B	A050	Anas penelope			w	3389	3389	i		G	C	B	C	C
B	A053	Anas platyrhynchos			w	2564	2564	i		G	C	B	C	C
B	A051	Anas strepera			w	158	158	i		G	C	B	C	C
B	A041	Anser albifrons			w	93	93	i		G	C	B	C	C
B	A043	Anser anser			w	2089	2089	i		G	C	A	C	C
B	A169	Arenaria interpres			w	18	18	i		G	C	B	B	C
B	A046	Branta bernicla			w	2148	2148	i		G	B	A	B	B
B	A045	Branta leucopsis			w	3727	3727	i		G	C	A	B	C
B	A067	Bucephala clangula			w	182	182	i		G	B	C	C	B
B	A149	Calidris alpina			w	730	730	i		G	C	A	C	C
B	A138	Charadrius alexandrinus			r	53	53	p		G	A	B	B	A
B	A138	Charadrius alexandrinus			c	19	19	i		G	A	B	B	A
B	A137	Charadrius hiaticula			r	15	15	p		G	B	B	C	B
B	A137	Charadrius hiaticula			w	72	72	i		G	C	A	C	C
B	A081	Circus aeruginosus			r	14	14	p		G	C	B	C	C
B	A037	Cygnus columbianus bewickii			w	20	20	i		G	C	A	B	C
B	A026	Egretta garzetta			w	9	9	i		G	A	C	B	A
B	A103	Falco peregrinus			w	12	12	i		M	B	A	C	B
B	A125	Fulica atra			w	1443	1443	i		G	C	B	C	C
B	A130	Haematopus ostralegus			w	247	247	i		G	C	C	B	C
M	1364	Halichoerus grypus			p	1	10	i		G	C	B	C	C
B	A157	Limosa lapponica			w	31	31	i		G	C	C	B	C
P	1903	Liparis loeselii			p	501	5000	i		G	A	B	C	A
B	A069	Mergus serrator			w	1506	1506	i		G	A	C	B	A
M	1340	Microtus oeconomus arenicola			p	0	0	i	P	M	B	B	A	B
B	A160	Numenius arquata			w	689	689	i		G	C	A	C	C
B	A017	Phalacrocorax carbo			w	282	282	i		G	C	B	C	C
M	1365	Phoca vitulina			p	5	30	i		G	C	B	C	C
B	A034	Platalea leucorodia			c	36	36	i		G	B	C	C	B
B	A140	Pluvialis apricaria			w	1412	1412	i		G	B	C	C	B
B	A141	Pluvialis squatarola			w	143	143	i		G	C	A	C	C
B	A007	Podiceps auritus			w	4	4	i		G	A	C	C	A
B	A005	Podiceps cristatus			w	329	329	i		G	B	C	C	B
B	A008	Podiceps nigricollis			w	792	792	i		G	A	C	B	A
B	A132	Recurvirostra avosetta			w	211	211	i		G	B	B	B	B
B	A132	Recurvirostra avosetta			r	64	64	p		G	C	B	B	C
B	A195	Sterna albifrons			r	140	140	p		G	A	A	B	B
B	A193	Sterna hirundo			r	637	637	p		G	B	A	C	B
B	A191	Sterna sandvicensis			r	2124	2124	p		G	A	B	B	A
B	A004	Tachybaptus ruficollis			w	94	94	i		G	B	A	C	B
B	A048	Tadorna tadorna			w	1353	1353	i		G	C	A	C	C
B	A162	Tringa totanus			w	108	108	i		G	C	B	C	C

Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, I = Invertebrates, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
Type: p = permanent, r = reproducing, c = concentration, w = wintering (for plant and non-migratory species use permanent)
Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the Standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting (see reference portal)
Abundance categories (Cat.): C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present - to fill if data are deficient (DD) or in addition to population size information
Data quality: G = 'Good' (e.g. based on surveys); M = 'Moderate' (e.g. based on partial data with some extrapolation); P = 'Poor' (e.g. rough estimation); VP = 'Very poor' (use this category only, if not even a rough estimation of the population size can be made, in this case the fields for population size can remain empty, but the field "Abundance categories" has to be filled in)

3.3 Other important species of flora and fauna (optional)

Species					Population in the site				Motivation
Group	CODE	Scientific Name	S	NP	Size		Unit	Cat.	Species Annex		Other categories
					Min	Max		C\|R\|V\|P	IV	V	A	B	C	D

Group: A = Amphibians, B = Birds, F = Fish, Fu = Fungi, I = Invertebrates, L = Lichens, M = Mammals, P = Plants, R = Reptiles
CODE: for Birds, Annex IV and V species the code as provided in the reference portal should be used in addition to the scientific name
S: in case that the data on species are sensitive and therefore have to be blocked for any public access enter: yes
NP: in case that a species is no longer present in the site enter: x (optional)
Unit: i = individuals, p = pairs or other units according to the standard list of population units and codes in accordance with Article 12 and 17 reporting, (see reference portal)
Cat.: Abundance categories: C = common, R = rare, V = very rare, P = present
Motivation categories: IV, V: Annex Species (Habitats Directive), A: National Red List data; B: Endemics; C: International Conventions; D: other reasons

4. SITE DESCRIPTION

4.1 General site character

Habitat class	% Cover
N01	71.00
N03	11.00
N04	7.00
N06	1.00
N07	1.00
N09	4.00
N16	5.00
N01	71.00
N03	11.00
N04	7.00
N06	1.00
N07	1.00
N09	4.00
N16	5.00
Total Habitat Cover	200

Other Site Characteristics

A former estuary, 18 km in length, which was closed from the sea in 1971. It is now a stagnant saline lake, mostly bordered by dykes with islets, sand-dunes and wet meadows. It adjoins SPA Voordelta (NL9802017) to the west, and SPA Krammer-Volkerak (NL1000021) and SPA Oosterschelde (NL3009016) to the east.

4.2 Quality and importance

The site holds one of the four most important populations of the vole Microtus oeconomus arenicola of the SW. Netherlands metapopulation. The site regularly supports more than 20,000 wintering waterbirds (1991/92-1995-96)Very important breeding colony of Sterna sandvicensis; important for passage and wintering waterfowl. New IBA 021-00 (van denTempel & Osieck, 1994).

4.3 Threats, pressures and activities with impacts on the site

The most important impacts and activities with high effect on the site

Negative Impacts
Rank	Threats and pressures [code]	Pollution (optional) [code]	inside/outside [i\|o\|b]
L	A02.01		b
M	G01		i
L	H01	X	i
M	H04.02	N	i
H	I01		i
H	J02		i
M	J02.05		o
L	J02.12		i
M	K01.01		i
M	K02		i
H	K02.01		i
L	K02.04	A	i
L	K03		i
L	K03.04		i
L	A02.01		b
M	G01		i
L	H01	X	i
M	H04.02	N	i
H	I01		i
H	J02		i
M	J02.05		o
L	J02.12		i
M	K01.01		i
M	K02		i
H	K02.01		i
L	K02.04	A	i
L	K03		i
L	K03.04		i

Positive Impacts
Rank	Activities, management [code]	Pollution (optional) [code]	inside/outside [i\|o\|b]
M	U		b
M	U		b

Rank: H = high, M = medium, L = low
Pollution: N = Nitrogen input, P = Phosphor/Phosphate input, A = Acid input/acidification,
T = toxic inorganic chemicals, O = toxic organic chemicals, X = Mixed pollutions
i = inside, o = outside, b = both

4.5 Documentation

* Anonymus (1973). Natuurbouw op de drooggevallen gronden in het Grevelingenmeer. Driemaandelijks Bericht Deltawerken 63:115-123. (004215).* Beijersbergen, J. &H.J. During (1980). Mossen op de Hompelvoet in de Grevelingen, ZW-Nederland. Lindbergia 6 (2): 147-153. (000656).* Beijersbergen, J. &P. Slim (1976). Een vondst van de Bitterling in de Grevelingen. De Levende Natuur 79: 273-276. (002932).* Berrevoets CM Strucker RCW Arts FA Meininger PL. 2003., Watervogels in de Zoute Delta 2001/2002., RIKZ Rapport 2003.001, RIKZ, Middelburg; SOVON & CBS (2006) Trends van vogels in het Nederlandse Natura 2000 netwerk. SOVON Vogelonderzoek Nederland, Beek-Ubbergen* Dijkstra, 1997; Belangrijke zoogdiergebieden in Nederland (VZZ)* Drost, H.J. & J. Visser (1981). Het grondwaterregiem als structurerende factor voor de begroeiing in afgesloten estuaria met een toepassing in het Grevelingenbekken. 50 jaar onderzoek. Jubileumboek Rijksdienst voor de IJsselmeerpolders, Lelystad. (005425).* Haperen, A.M.M. & T.J. de Kogel (1981). Het voorkomen van Hordeum jubatum L. en Parentucellia viscosa (L.) Caruel in Zuidwest-Nederland. Gorteria 10(9): 159-168. (004546)* Haperen, A.M.M. & J. Visser (1992). Brandganzen of natuurbos op de Slikken van Flakkee De Levende Natuur 93: 118-123. (008773)* Hoeksema HJ. 2002., Grevelingenmeer van kwetsbaar naar weerbaar Een beschrijving van de, ontwikkelingen van 1996 tot 2001 en een toetsing aan het beleid.., RIKZ Rapport 2002.033, RIKZ, Middelburg* Kogel, T.J. de (1983). Veranderingen in de kleine-zoogdierfauna van de Slikken van Flakkee na de afsluiting van de Grevelingen in 1971. Lutra 26: 93-104.* Kraker, K. de & A. van Haperen (2000). Veerse Meer, Grevelingen en Krammer-Volkerak. In; A. van Haperen et al. Aan de monding van Maas en Schelde. Natuurgebieden in Zuidwest-Nederland. Staatsbosbeheer, Middelburg, pp 229-265.* Meetkundige Dienst Rijkswaterstaat (1997). Vegetatiekaart De Grevelingen, schaal 1:25000. Natuur- en Recreatieschap de Grevelingen/Rijkswaterstaat Meetkundige Dienst.* Meiniger PL Strucker RCW. 2001., Kustbroedvogels in het Deltagebied in 2000., RIKZ Rapport 2001.015, RIKZ, Middelburg* Nienhuis, P. (1978). Lake Grevelingen: a case study of ecosystem changes in a closed estuary. Hydrobiological Bull. 12 (3/4): 246-259. (001008).* Nienhuis, P.H. & B.H.H. de Bree (1977). Production and ecology of eelgras (Zostera marina L.) in the Grevelingen Estary, the Netherlands, before and after the closure. Hydrobiologia 52: 55-66. (008122).* Nienhuis, P.H. & J.C. Huis in't Veld (1984). Grevelingen: from an estuary to a saline lake. Wat. Sci.Tech. 16: 27-50. (008133).* Nienhuis, P.H. (1970). The Benthic algal communities of flats and salt marshes in the Grevelingen, a sea-arm in the south-western Netherlands he Grevelingen, a sea-arm in the south-western Netherlands. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research 5 (1. (001051).* Nienhuis, P.H. (1983). Zeegrasgemeenschap in het Grevelingenmeer. In : S. Parma et.al. Oecologie van meren en plassen. Biologische Raad Reeks, Pudoc, Wageningen, pp. 36-56. Publikatie 283, Delta Instituut voor Hydrobiologisch Onderzoek te Yerseke.. (008136).* Osieck ER. 1996., Veranderingen van vogelaantallen in belangrijke wetlands., Techn Rapport Vogelbescherming 17, Vogelbescherming Nederland, Zeist* Roomen Mvan Boele A Weide Mvander Winden Evan ea. 2000., Belangrijke vogelgebieden in Nederland 1993-97. Actueel overzicht van, Europese vogelwaarden in aangewezen en aan te wijzen speciale, beschermingszones en andere belangrijke gebieden., SOVON Informatierapport 2000/01. SOVON, Beek-Ubbergen* Slim, P.A. (1985a). Van bruinvis tot noordse woelmuis: de zoogdieren van de eilanden in de Grevelingen. Lutra 28: 4-20. (002834).* Slim, P.A. (1985b). Bijdrage tot de kennis van Dianthus armeria. Gorteria 12(11/12): 286-294. (000855)* Slim, P.A. & G.M. Dirkse (1984). De bryologische najaarsexcursie van 1981 naar de Veermansplaat en de Hompelvoet. Buxbaumiella 15: 4-15.* Slim, P.A. & P. Oosterveld (1985). Vegetation development on newly embanked sandflats in the Grevelingen (The Netherlands) under different management practices. Vegetatio 62: 407-414. (000856).* Slim. P.A. (1987). Natuurlijke ontwikkelingen en het beheer op de zandplaten in de Grevelingen. De Levende Natuur 88-3: 119-. (008874).* Tempel R. vanden & Osieck ER. 1994., Areas important for birds in the Netherlands., Techn Rapport Vogelbescherming 13E, Vogelbescherming Nederland, Zeist* Voslamber et al., 1998; Monitoring van vogels in belangrijke vogelgebieden: broedvogels 1995, niet-broedvogels seizoen 1994/95 (SOVON)

5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS

5.1 Designation types at national and regional level:

Code	Cover [%]
NL01	100.00

Designated at international level:

Type	Site name	Type	Cover [%]
ramsar	Grevelingen	=	100.00

5.3 Site designation (optional)

Twinned to Tipperne (DK).

6. SITE MANAGEMENT

6.1 Body(ies) responsible for the site management:

Organisation:	Rijkswaterstaat
Address:
Email:	hans.lammers@rws.nl

6.2 Management Plan(s):

An actual management plan does exist:

X	Yes	Name: Grevelingen Natura 2000 Deltawateren Beheerplan 2016-2022 Link: http://www.rwsnatura2000.nl/Gebieden/DW_Deltawateren/dw+definitief+beheerplan+deltawateren/HandlerDownloadFiles.ashx?idnv=648250 Name: Natura 2000 Deltawateren Link: http://www.rwsnatura2000.nl/Gebieden/DW_Deltawateren/dw+definitief+beheerplan+deltawateren/HandlerDownloadFiles.ashx?idnv=648249
	No, but in preparation
	No

7. MAP OF THE SITE

INSPIRE ID:

Map delivered as PDF in electronic format (optional)

Yes

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